0001628280-26-034490 | 10-Q | XBRL Viewer

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Stock-based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)			1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	May 19, 2025	Aug. 12, 2021	Feb. 28, 2022	Mar. 31, 2026	May 08, 2023	Mar. 22, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost for unvested options				$ 0
Restricted Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost, period of recognition				1 year 8 months 12 days
Vested (in shares)				1,824
Unrecognized compensation cost				$ 1,000,000.0
Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost, period of recognition				7 months 6 days
2021 Equity Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Evergreen provision, percentage of outstanding shares		3.00%
Number of additional shares available for grant (in shares)	53,222			64,964
2021 Equity Incentive Plan \| Common Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)		479
2021 Equity Incentive Plan \| Restricted Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Remaining shares available for grant (in shares)				2
2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Evergreen provision, percentage of outstanding shares		0.50%
Remaining shares available for grant (in shares)				7,495
Outstanding liability				$ 4,000
2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Common Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)		128
2022 Inducement Equity Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of additional shares available for grant (in shares)				50,000
Remaining shares available for grant (in shares)				56,184
Vesting period			4 years
2022 Inducement Equity Plan \| Common Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)			321		641	561

Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization expense	$ 10	$ 10

- Definition

The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (b)
-SubTopic 10
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482665/350-30-50-2

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482686/350-30-45-2

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 6
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476148/220-40-50-6

+ Details

Prepaids and Other Current Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Prepaids and Other Current Assets

Note 3. Prepaids and Other Current Assets

Prepaids and other current assets consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026			December 31, 2025
Prepaid launch costs, current	$	1,033	—	$	5,087
Prepaid design and production services, current	2,072			1,538
Prepaid insurance and other current assets	2,068			2,696
Total	$	5,173		$	9,321

As of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, the non-current portion of prepaid launch costs recorded in other non-current assets was approximately $1.2 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and the non-current portion of prepaid design and production services recorded in other non-current assets was approximately $6.5 million and $7.0 million, respectively.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidated Interim Financial Information

The accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States of America Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 was derived from the Company’s consolidated audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP for consolidated audited financial statements. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”).

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements. The accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements contain all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2026, are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2026, or for any future period. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated audited financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, filed with the SEC in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed by the Company on March 31, 2026.

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and

on various other factors it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates inherent in the preparation of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements include, but are not limited to, the timing of revenue recognition, accounting for useful lives of property, machinery and equipment, net, intangible assets, net, accrued liabilities, leases, income taxes including deferred tax assets and liabilities, impairment valuation, stock-based compensation, warrant liabilities, and litigation contingencies.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, cash in bank with no restrictions, as well as highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and which have original maturities of three months or less when initially purchased.

The Company places its cash in the bank, which may at times be in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits of $250,000 per depositor, with high credit quality financial institutions and attempts to limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash primarily represents cash deposited as collateral for the Company’s credit card program. As of March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company maintained restricted cash of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable as of March 31, 2026, represent amounts primarily due from NASA for engineering services performed. Accounts Receivable are stated at invoice value less estimated allowances for credit losses. Allowances are recorded based on the Company’s assessment of various factors, such as: historical experience, credit quality of its customers, aging of the accounts receivable balances, economic conditions, and other factors that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. The allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, was zero.

Deferred Fulfillment and Prepaid Launch Costs

The Company prepays for certain launch costs to third-party providers that will carry the transport vehicle to orbit. Prepaid costs allocated to the delivery of a customers’ payload are classified as deferred fulfillment costs and prepaid costs allocated to our payload are classified as prepaid launch costs. All deferred fulfillment and prepaid launch costs are recognized as cost of revenue upon delivery of the related payloads.

As of March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company had deferred fulfillment and prepaid launch costs of $2.2 million and $6.3 million, respectively, with $1.0 million and $5.1 million recorded within prepaids and other current assets, respectively, and $1.2 million and $1.2 million recorded within other non-current assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, respectively.

Property, Machinery and Equipment

Property, machinery and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is generally recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. The estimated useful lives of fixed assets by asset category are described below:


Fixed Assets						Estimated Useful Life
Computer equipment						Three years
Furniture and fixtures						Five years
Leasehold improvements						Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term (one year to seven years)
Machinery and equipment						Seven years

Costs of maintenance or repairs that do not extend the lives of the respective assets are charged to expenses as incurred.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, which consist of patents, are considered long-lived assets and are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over 10 years for patents, which is the estimated useful lives of the intangible assets.

In accordance with ASC Sub-Topic 350-40, Intangibles, the Company presents capitalized implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements within prepaid and other current assets, and other non-current assets to properly present the capitalized costs with their related subscription fees.

Loss Contingencies

The Company estimates loss contingencies in accordance with ASC Sub-Topic 450-20, Loss Contingencies (“ASC 450-20”), which states that a loss contingency shall be accrued by a charge to income if both of the following conditions are met: (i) information available before the condensed consolidated interim financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that a liability had been incurred at the date of the condensed consolidated interim financial statements and (ii) the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We regularly evaluate current information available to us to determine whether such accruals should be adjusted and whether new accruals are required. Refer to Note 12 for additional information.

Revenue Recognition

The Company enters into short-term contracts for ‘last-mile’ satellite and cargo delivery (transportation service), payload hosting and in-orbit servicing options with customers that are primarily in the aerospace industry. For its transportation service arrangements, the Company has a performance obligation of delivering the customers’ payload to its designated orbit and recognizes revenue (along with any other fees that have been paid) at a point in time, upon satisfaction of this performance obligation. Additionally, for its in-orbit service arrangements, the Company provides a multitude of services during the mission to its customers. The Company recognizes revenue for these in-orbit services ratably over time on a straight-line basis. The Company also enters into contracts to perform analysis and provide engineering services to U.S. government organizations.

The Company accounts for customer contracts in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”), which includes the following five-step model:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer.

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract.

•Determination of the transaction price.

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company estimates variable consideration at the most likely amount, which is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. While the Company’s standard contracts do not contain refund or recourse provisions that enable its customers to recover any non-refundable fees that have been paid, the Company may issue full or partial refunds, or concessions on future services to customers on a case-by-case basis as necessary to preserve and foster future business relationships and customer goodwill. Contracts to provide engineering services to U.S. government organizations generally have set payments tied to each milestone. When a milestone is achieved, the Company submits the completed service for approval, submits invoices to the government site, and collects on that completed milestone. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company recorded $2.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of revenue from the U.S. government.

As part of its contracts with customers, the Company collects up-front non-refundable deposits prior to launch. As of March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company had customer deposit balances of $0.5 million and $4.2 million, respectively, related to signed contracts with customers, including firm orders and options (some of which have already been exercised by customers). These deposits are recorded as contract liabilities in the Company’s

condensed consolidated balance sheets. Included in the collected amount as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, are $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of non-current deposits.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recognized $3.2 million of revenue primarily due to engineering services performed for NASA and hosted payload services. Of the $3.2 million of revenue recognized, $0.6 million was derived from the December 31, 2025, contract liability balance. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recognized $0.3 million of revenue due to engineering services performed for the DARPA Novel Orbital and Moon Manufacturing, Materials, and Mass-efficient Design (“NOM4D”) and DARPA Bringing Classified Innovation to Defense and Government Systems (“BRIDGES”) programs, and forfeited customer deposits primarily related to expired options. Of the $0.3 million of revenue recognized, $0.1 million was derived from the December 31, 2024, contract liability balance.

The disaggregation of revenue by type is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025

Hosted payload services		$	1,618	$	—
Forfeited customer deposits		—		87
Engineering project services		1,597		235
Total revenue		$	3,215	$	322

Fair Value Measurement

The Company uses valuation approaches that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. A three-tiered hierarchy is established as a basis for considering such assumptions and for inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value. This hierarchy requires that the Company use observable market data, when available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value:

•Level 1, observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

•Level 2, inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

•Level 3, unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires that the Company develop its own assumptions.

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, and certain prepaid and other current assets and accrued expenses approximate carrying values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments which fall with Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value of certain other non-current assets and liabilities approximates fair value. The Company had no Level 2 inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

As of March 31, 2026, the Company does not have any assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, other than the Credit Provision Derivative (see Note 9 for additional detail). The Credit Provision Derivative is measured at fair value under ASC Topic 815 and is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company estimated the fair value of derivative asset based on the expected underutilization payment to be received during 2026.

The change in fair value of the Credit Provision Derivative asset subject to recurring remeasurement was as follows:


(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2025	$	164
Settlement	(146)
Balance, March 31, 2026	$	18

As of March 31, 2026, the Company has the following liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

•Certain of the Company’s warrants are recorded as a derivative liability pursuant to ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC Topic 815”), and are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as the Company is using the BSM option pricing model.

•The May 2025 Convertible Note, issued for non-employee services, is classified as a liability under ASC Topic 718 and measured at fair value. The May 2025 Convertible Note is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as the Company is using a convertible bond pricing model to calculate fair value. Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the May 2025 Convertible Note were as follows:


	January 9, 2026			December 31, 2025
Expected term (years)	0.84			0.96
Stock price	$	12.46		$	4.87
Volatility	45.00		%	45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.54		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

•The AIR Warrants are classified as a liability under ASC Topic 480 and measured at fair value. The AIR Warrants are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because their fair value is determined using an option pricing model that incorporates significant unobservable inputs, including expected stock price volatility and the discount rate on the underlying junior convertible notes. The Company calculates the fair value by weighting two different approaches. As of March 31, 2026, the AIR Warrants remained significantly out-of-the-money and the Company determined the fair value of the AIR Warrants was zero, consistent with the December 31, 2025 measurement. Accordingly, the Company did not update the option pricing model assumptions during the quarter. Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the AIR Warrants as of December 31, 2025, were as follows:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	4.87		$	4.87
Volatility	87.50%			45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.50		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	78.64		%	78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The primary significant unobservable input used in the valuation of the warrants and convertible notes is expected stock price volatility. Expected stock price volatility is based on the actual historical volatility of a group of comparable publicly traded companies observed over a historical period equal to the expected remaining life of the instruments. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of valuation equal to the remaining expected life of the instruments. The expected term was based on the maturity of the instruments, which is 5 years for Class A common stock warrants and 1.5 years for Class B common stock warrants. The dividend yield percentage is zero because the Company does not currently pay dividends, nor does it intend to do so during the expected term of the instruments. There were no transfers between levels of input during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

The change in fair values of liabilities subject to recurring remeasurement were as follows:


(in thousands)	Warrant Liability (Level 3)		May 2025 Convertible Note (Level 3)		AIR Warrants (Level 3)
Balance, December 31, 2025	$	3	$	331	$	—


Change in fair value	—		275		—
Settlement	—		(606)		—

Balance, March 31, 2026	$	3	$	—	$	—

Derivative Instruments

The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC Topic 815. The Company does not designate any derivative instruments as hedges of cash flow, fair value, or foreign currency exposures, and therefore does not apply hedge accounting. The Company’s derivative instruments consist of (i) freestanding warrants that do not qualify for equity classification under ASC Topic 815 or that meet the definition of a liability under ASC Topic 480, (ii) embedded features within the Company’s convertible debt instruments that require bifurcation and separate recognition as derivatives, and (iii) other freestanding contracts that meet the definition of a derivative. Derivative instruments are initially and subsequently measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The classification of each derivative as an asset or liability, and as current or non-current, is based on the expected timing of settlement. Fair value is determined using the BSM option pricing model, convertible bond pricing models, or other appropriate valuation techniques, depending on the nature of the instrument. See Note 8 for embedded derivatives associated with the Company’s convertible debt, and Note 9 for the Company’s outstanding warrants.

Warrant Liability

The Company evaluates each warrant on issuance to determine whether it should be classified as equity or as a liability. Warrants that meet the definition of a derivative and do not qualify for the derivative scope exception under ASC Topic 815 are classified as derivative liabilities. Warrants that embody an unconditional obligation to transfer assets, or a conditional obligation to issue a variable number of shares, are classified as liabilities under ASC Topic 480 and are initially and subsequently measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Significant unobservable inputs in the valuation of liability-classified warrants include expected volatility and, for certain warrants, the discount rate on the underlying instruments, resulting in Level 3 classification within the fair value hierarchy. Liability-classified warrants are presented as non-current, as their liquidation is not reasonably expected to require the use of current assets or the creation of current liabilities. Upon exercise, the fair value of the warrant liability at the exercise date is reclassified to additional paid-in capital within the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity (deficit). See Note 9 for further discussion of the Company’s outstanding warrants.

Equity Classified Warrants

Subsequent to the Business Combination, the Company has issued warrants in conjunction with various securities purchase agreements and borrowings (see Note 8 and Note 9 for additional information). The warrants are freestanding equity-linked instruments that meet the indexation and equity classification criteria of ASC Sub‑Topic 815-40.

The grant-date fair value of these warrants is recorded in additional paid-in capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the warrants are measured using the BSM option pricing model on the grant date.

Modification of Equity Classified Warrants

A change in the terms or conditions of a warrant is accounted for as a modification. For a warrant modification accounted for under ASC Topic 815, the effect of a modification shall be measured as the difference between the fair value of the modified warrant and the fair value of the original warrant immediately before its terms are modified, with each measured on the modification date. The accounting for incremental fair value of the modified warrants over the original warrants is based on the specific facts and circumstances related to the modification. When a modification is directly attributable to an equity offering, the incremental change in fair value of the

warrants is accounted for as an equity issuance cost. When a modification is directly attributable to a debt offering, the incremental change in fair value of the warrants is accounted for as a debt discount or debt issuance cost. For all other modifications, the incremental change in fair value is recognized as a deemed dividend.

Convertible Instruments

The Company evaluates its convertible debt issuances to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives requiring separate recognition in the Company’s financial statements. Entities must consider whether to classify contracts that may be settled in the Company’s own stock, such as warrants, as equity of the entity or as an asset or liability. If an event that is not within the entity’s control could require net cash settlement, then the contract should be classified as an asset or a liability rather than as equity. Convertible instruments issued for non-employee services, such as the May 2025 Convertible Note, are classified as liabilities under ASC Topic 718 if cash settlement is possible, measured at fair value each reporting period with changes in fair value recognized in operating expenses (see Note 8).

If the embedded conversion options do not require bifurcation, the Company then evaluates for the existence of a beneficial conversion feature by comparing the fair value of the Company’s underlying stock as of the commitment date to the effective conversion price of the instrument (the intrinsic value).

Debt discounts under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their stated date of redemption and are classified in interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For liability-classified convertible instruments under ASC Topic 718, no debt discount is recorded, as fair value remeasurement captures all value changes.

Amendments to convertible instruments are evaluated as to whether they should be accounted for as a modification of the original instrument with no change to the accounting or, if the terms are substantially changed, as an extinguishment of the original instrument and the issuance of a new instrument.

Fair Value Option for Convertible Debt

The Company elected the fair value option (“FVO”) for recognition of its convertible debt issued to J.J. Astor & Co., as permitted under ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (see discussion of the May 2025 Loan in Note 8). Under the FVO, the Company recognizes the convertible debt at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. The FVO may be applied instrument by instrument, but it is irrevocable. As a result of applying the FVO, any direct costs and fees related to the convertible debt is recognized in operating expense in the consolidated statements of operations as incurred and not deferred. Changes in fair value of the convertible debt are recognized as a separate line in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Equity Issuance Costs

The Company incurs costs related to the issuance of equity securities. These costs are initially recorded as a prepaid asset under ASC Topic 340 and reclassified to additional paid-in capital as the related equity is earned through service delivery, or amortized to expense, typically research and development, based on the service period or delivery pattern.

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Net loss per share is provided in accordance with ASC Sub-Topic 260-10, Earnings per Share. Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing losses by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share excludes all potential common shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. See Note 11 for additional information.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets, which includes intangible assets, on an annual basis, or more frequently whenever circumstances indicate a long-lived asset may be impaired. When indicators of impairment exist, the Company estimates future undiscounted cash flows attributable to such assets. In the event cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the recorded value of the assets, the assets are written down to

their estimated fair value. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no impairments of long‑lived assets. See Note 4 and Note 5 for additional information.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company has a stock incentive plan under which equity awards are granted to employees, directors, and consultants. The Company also issues equity or liability instruments, such as convertible notes, to non-employees for services under ASC Topic 718, which are measured at fair value at issuance and, for liability-classified instruments, remeasured each reporting period with changes in fair value recognized in operating expenses. All stock-based payments are recognized in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements based on their respective grant date fair values.

RSU fair value is based on our closing stock price on the day of the grant. Stock option fair value is determined using the BSM option pricing model. The model requires management to make a number of assumptions, including expected volatility of the Company’s stock, expected life of the option, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends. For non-employee awards, such as the May 2025 Convertible Note and shares issued in relation to the VLD MSA (defined in Note 9), fair value is determined using valuation models (e.g., Black-Scholes or similar) with unobservable inputs like volatility and discount rates, and liability-classified awards are remeasured until settlement (see Note 8). Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) compensation fair value is also determined using the BSM option pricing model, using a six-month expected term to conform with the six month ESPP offering period.

The grant-date fair value of equity awards is expensed over the related service period which is typically the vesting period, and expense is only recognized for awards that are expected to vest. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

401(k) Plan

The Company has a 401(k) plan that it offers to its full-time employees. The Company did not contribute to the plan during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs include activities to develop existing and future technologies for the Company’s vehicles. Research and development activities include basic research, applied research, design, development, and related test program activities. Costs incurred for developing our vehicles primarily include equipment and labor hours (both internal and subcontractors).

Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities related to an executory contractual arrangement are deferred and capitalized. These advance payments are recognized as an expense as the related goods are delivered or services performed. When the related goods are no longer expected to be delivered or services rendered, the capitalized advance payment is charged to expense.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception based on whether there is an identified property, plant or equipment and whether the Company controls the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use.

Operating leases are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Operating lease right‑of‑use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease and are included in current and non-current liabilities. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease inception date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term discounted based on the more readily determinable of (i) the rate implicit in the lease or (ii) the Company’s incremental borrowing rate (which is the estimated rate the Company would be required to pay for a collateralized borrowing equal to the total lease payments over the term of the lease). Because the Company’s operating leases generally do not provide an implicit rate, the Company estimates its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease commencement date for borrowings with a similar term.

The Company’s operating lease ROU assets are measured based on the corresponding operating lease liability adjusted for (i) payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date, (ii) initial direct costs incurred, and (iii) tenant incentives under the lease. The Company does not assume renewals or early terminations unless it is reasonably certain to exercise these options at commencement. The Company elected the practical expedient which allows the Company to not allocate consideration between lease and non-lease components. Variable lease payments are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. In addition, the Company elected the practical expedient such that it does not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less of all asset classes. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See Note 6 for additional details on the Company’s leases.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with authoritative guidance, which requires the use of the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rate expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the differences are expected to be reversed.

Significant judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all available evidence, including past operating results, estimates of future taxable income, and the feasibility of tax planning strategies.

In the event that management changes its determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.

The Company is required to evaluate the tax positions taken in the course of preparing its tax returns to determine whether tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax benefits of positions not deemed to meet the “more likely than not” threshold would be recorded as a tax expense in the current year. The amount recognized is subject to estimate and management judgment with respect to the likely outcome of each uncertain tax position. The amount that is ultimately sustained for an individual uncertain tax position or for all uncertain tax positions in the aggregate could differ from the amount that is initially recognized.

Concentrations of Risk

Financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents in banks that management believes are creditworthy, however deposits may exceed federally insured limits.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing operating performance. In consideration of ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC Topic 280”), we are not organized around specific services or geographic regions.

Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) uses financial information to evaluate our performance, which is the same basis on which our results and performance are communicated to our Board of Directors. All of the Company’s long-lived assets are held domestically in the United States and of the $3.2 million of revenue recognized by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2026, 1% was derived from customers domiciled in foreign countries. Based on the information described above and in accordance with the applicable literature, management has concluded that we are organized and operated as one operating and reportable segment.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Although there are several new accounting pronouncements issued or proposed by the FASB, which have been adopted or will be adopted as applicable, management does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements has had or will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (DISE) (“ASU 2024-03”), that requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. Public entities must adopt the new guidance for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The amendments in ASU 2024-06 will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application and early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the potential impact that ASU 2024-03 will have on its condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270)—Narrow-Scope Improvements (“ASU 2025-11”), which provides a clearer framework and more consistent application of interim disclosure requirements for public business entities. The guidance is effective for interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The amendments in ASU 2025-11 will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application and early adoption is permitted. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2025-11 will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related disclosures.

Supplemental Disclosures for Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Issuance of common stock in settlement of accounts payable	$ 95	$ 0
Issuance costs related to warrant modifications	348	0
Issuance costs related to placement agent warrants	1,092	0
Issuance of common stock upon partial conversion of SIV Convertible Notes	973	664
Issuance of common stock upon settlement of May 2025 Convertible Note	606	0
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	65	32
Operating lease payments included in operating cash flows	$ 419	$ 407

Stockholders' Equity - October 2025 Warrant Inducement Agreement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands				3 Months Ended
	Oct. 14, 2025	Sep. 08, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)											$ 77.07
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	$ 7,100		$ 1,900	$ 0	$ 2,068
Offering fees and other expenses payable	$ 500						$ 300			$ 200
Change in fair value of warrant liability		$ 600
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)													20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)									5 years		5 years	5 years
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 67.83							$ 34.45		$ 108.53
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	418,465							37,816						40,017
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)				5 years
October 2025 Warrant Inducement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercised (in shares)	120,049
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 25.53
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	$ 6,600
Change in fair value of warrant liability	$ 1,300
Class of warrant or right, beneficially owned to exceed percentage (as percent)	9.99%
October 2025 Warrant Inducement, Immediately Exercisable
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 35.70
July 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercised (in shares)	158,925
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 25.17
July Inducement Warrants, Immediately Exercisable
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 25.17
October 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)				$ 13.74
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)				0		418,465
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)	5 years
October 2025 Warrants \| Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 25.53

Stockholders' Equity - February 2025 Public Offering (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands											3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Jan. 05, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)															20,009
Exercise price (in dollars per share)										$ 77.07
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)							5 years			5 years				5 years
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000	$ 21,600		$ 17,400	$ 3,700			$ 2,100
Offering fees and other expenses payable					$ 300	$ 500		$ 200
Proceeds from exercise of warrants						$ 7,100			$ 1,900		$ 0	$ 2,068
Common stock equivalents, period							45 days			30 days
Placement agent cash fee, percentage of gross proceeds										7.00%
February 2025 Public Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Aggregate cost										$ 5,000
Offering fees and other expenses payable										(600)
Proceeds from exercise of warrants										$ 4,400
Pre-Funded Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)							120,834			54,560
Common Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)							158,925			71,367
Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)										3,569
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 5.94
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)							38,096	60,025		16,807
Offering price for prefunded warrants (in dollars per share)							$ 25.17			$ 70.06
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)						418,465							37,816			40,017
Exercise price (in dollars per share)								$ 34.45	$ 67.83					$ 108.53
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)											5 years
Common Class A \| Pre-Funded Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)							0.00001			0.00001
Common Class A \| Common Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)														44,818
Exercise price (in dollars per share)							$ 25.17			$ 67.83
Common Class A \| Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)			46,296
Common Class A \| September Prefunded Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)																$ 143.69
Common Class B
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)																20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)											1 year 6 months

Stock-based Compensation - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consulting expense	$ 322	$ 1,057
Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consulting expense	2	42
RSUs & RSAs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consulting expense	320	1,015
Research and development expenses
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consulting expense	80	212
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consulting expense	$ 242	$ 845

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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+ Details

Intangible Assets - Schedule of Future Estimated Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Remainder of 2026	$ 39
2027	52
2028	44
2029	31
2030	12
Thereafter	10
Net Value	$ 188	$ 201

Loan Payable

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Loan Payable

Note 8. Loan Payable

September 2025 Convertible Note

On September 25, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “September 2025 SPA”) with an investor (the “September 2025 Private Placement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell (i) a Junior Secured Convertible Note having an aggregate principal amount of $1.6 million (the “September 2025 Convertible Note”), (ii) warrants to purchase up to 81,847 shares of Class A common stock (the “September 2025 Warrants”), and (iii) warrants to purchase up to $4.0 million of additional September 2025 Convertible Notes and September 2025 Warrants (the “AIR Warrants”).

The September 2025 SPA provides that the Company will indemnify the investor for any claims and losses. This indemnification by the Company was an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and recognition as a derivative liability (“Indemnification Derivative”). The Indemnification Derivative instrument is recorded at fair value and marked-to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. As of the issuance date, December 31, 2025, and March 31, 2026, the Indemnification Derivative was valued at zero.

The September 2025 Convertible Note bears an annual interest rate of 8%. Unless earlier converted, principal and any accrued unpaid interest on the September 2025 Convertible Note are due at maturity in September 2026. The September 2025 Convertible Note, including interest accrued thereon, is convertible at any time, in whole or in part, at the option of the holder into shares of Class A common stock at a conversion price of $19.92 per share, subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations provided for in the terms of the September 2025 Convertible Note. The September 2025 Convertible Note is a junior secured obligation of the Company and is secured by certain personal property of the Company.

The September 2025 Warrants have an exercise price of $24.99 per share. The September 2025 Warrants may be exercised at any time after issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The exercise of the

September 2025 Warrants are subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations provided for in the terms of the September 2025 Warrants. The September 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification.

The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the September 2025 Private Placement of approximately $1.5 million, before deducting estimated lender fees and debt issuance costs of $0.1 million paid by the Company.

The initial fair value of the AIR Warrants (discussed below) and the ELOC Pre-funded Warrants (see discussion in Note 9) exceed the net proceeds received from the September 2025 Private Placement. Therefore, upon allocating the net proceeds of the September 2025 Private Placement, no amounts were allocated to the September 2025 Warrants and the September 2025 Convertible Note was recorded at a 100% discount. The excess fair value of $1.4 million of the AIR Warrants and ELOC Pre-funded Warrants over the net proceeds received was recognized as a loss in other expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The September 2025 Convertible Note can be prepaid in full at any time, subject to a prepayment fee of 10%. The September 2025 Convertible Note will accelerate and become immediately due upon the occurrence of certain customary events of default including, but not limited to, failure to make payments when due, failure to observe or perform covenants or agreements contained in the September 2025 Convertible Note, the bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company or any of its subsidiaries and unsatisfied judgments against the Company. The mandatory redemption of the September 2025 Convertible Note upon one of these events of default was an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and recognition as a derivative liability (“September 2025 Default Redemption Derivative”). Furthermore, contingent interest related to these events of default was an embedded derivative also that required bifurcation and recognition as a derivative liability (“September 2025 Default Interest Derivative”). Both the September 2025 Default Redemption Derivative and the September 2025 Default Interest Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value and marked-to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. As of the issuance date and each period end through March 31, 2026, both the September 2025 Default Redemption Derivative and the September 2025 Default Interest Derivative were valued at zero.

The September 2025 Convertible Note also contains certain negative covenants, including prohibitions on the incurrence of indebtedness, liens, amendments to the Company’s organizational documents, dividends, redemption, related party transactions, and entry into any equity line of credit agreement or variable rate transactions other than an “at the market” offering of the Company’s Class A common stock.

As of March 31, 2026, the September 2025 Convertible Note has a carrying amount of $0.6 million, consisting of principal of $1.4 million and net unamortized discount of $0.7 million. The September 2025 Convertible Note has future scheduled maturities of $1.4 million in 2026. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, interest recognized on the September 2025 Convertible Note totaled $0.5 million. This amount consists of cash interest expense of $0.03 million and non-cash amortization of debt discount of $0.5 million.

On April 17, 2026, all amounts outstanding under the September 2025 Convertible Note were converted into shares of Class A common stock (see Note 16).

AIR Warrants

In connection with the September 2025 Private Placement, the Company issued the AIR Warrants. The AIR Warrants were exercisable by the holder immediately with a five-year term and may be exercised in tranches based on the trading volume and price of the Company’s Class A common stock. In addition, the Company may, at its discretion, deliver a call notice requiring the holder to exercise the AIR Warrants, in whole or in part (up to an amount not exceeding two times the average daily trading volume of the Company’s Class A common stock over the relevant period), provided that certain trading conditions are satisfied (including the five-day average trading price equaling or exceeding 125% of the original conversion price of the underlying notes). If the trading conditions are not met at the time of the call notice, the holder is not obligated to exercise; however, the Company may cancel any unexercised portion of the AIR Warrants (effectively terminating the remaining commitment) if the holder does not proceed with the investment upon such call. This call feature provides the Company with the ability to compel realization or cancellation under various market conditions.

The AIR Warrants are classified as a liability under ASC Topic 480 as they embody a conditional obligation for the Company to transfer assets through the settlement of the underlying convertible notes.

The AIR Warrants were initially measured at a fair value of $1.9 million on the issuance date, with a corresponding allocation from the proceeds of the September 2025 Private Placement, with the excess fair value of the AIR Warrants over the September 2025 Private Placement proceeds recognized in earnings. The AIR Warrants liability is recorded at fair value and marked-to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. The Company determined the fair value of the AIR Warrants at issuance using two different approaches. Under the first approach, the instruments underlying the AIR Warrants are assumed to have value equal to proceeds received that would have been received upon exercise of the AIR Warrants and, under the second approach, the instruments underlying the AIR Warrants were valued using a convertible bond pricing model for the underlying convertible note and a BSM option pricing model for the underlying common warrants. The fair value was then determined based on the intrinsic value: the difference between the fair value of the instruments underlying the AIR Warrants and the proceeds that would be received upon exercise of the AIR Warrants. The following inputs were used in the convertible bond and BSM option pricing models:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	22.13		$	22.13
Volatility	87.50%			45.00%
Risk-free rate	3.75		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	N/A			78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

No AIR Warrants were exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2026. On April 17, 2026, the Company terminated the AIR Warrants as provided therein following the full conversion of the September 2025 Convertible Note into shares of Class A common stock (see Note 16).

May 2025 Loan

On May 30, 2025, the Company and J.J. Astor & Co. entered into a loan agreement (the “May 2025 Loan”) pursuant to which the Company may borrow up to $1.5 million in two tranches of $0.75 million each (the first tranche referred to as the “Initial Tranche” and the second as the “Second Tranche”) and paid debt issuance costs of $0.2 million. The May 2025 Loan has a maturity date of March 6, 2026, and is payable in 40 weekly installments of $25 thousand, with at least 10% in cash and the remainder in shares at a conversion price of $30.35 per share. The May 2025 Loan can be prepaid in full at any time, subject to a prepayment fee of 120% of the outstanding principal plus costs.

Amounts borrowed under the May 2025 Loan are secured by a lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company. Upon event of default, amounts owing under the May 2025 Loan increase by 120% and are convertible into shares of Class A common stock at a conversion price equal to 80% of the average of the four lowest volume weighted average closing prices of the Class A common stock during the 20 trading days immediately prior to conversion. The Company elected the FVO for recognition of the May 2025 Loan as permitted under ASC Topic 825.

In addition, in connection with the May 2025 Loan, the Company agreed to issue J.J. Astor & Co. warrants to purchase up to 53,386 shares of Class A common stock with an exercise price of $30.35 per share, subject to adjustment (the “Initial Tranche Warrants”), comprising 26,688 warrants for each tranche. The Initial Tranche Warrants had a fair value of $0.6 million. The warrants are fully vested and expire five years from the date of issuance. The Company determined the fair value of the Initial Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	29.99
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	4.04		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

On June 17, 2025, the Company and J.J. Astor & Co. entered into an amendment to the May 2025 Loan (the “June 2025 Loan Amendment”). The June 2025 Loan Amendment, among other things, revised the conditions for funding the Second Tranche to occur within three business days after the effectiveness of a resale registration statement, subject to Nasdaq listing maintenance, a stock price of not less than $22.31, a market capitalization of not less than $6.7 million, and trading volume conditions. It also reduced the conversion price on both tranches to the lesser of the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock June 2025 Loan Amendment date and the closing price prior to the Second Tranche issuance. Additionally, the June 2025 Loan Amendment introduced a cash make-whole payment upon conversion equal to the difference between the conversion price and the lower of the closing price on conversion or the lowest volume weighted average closing price over 20 prior trading days. If not paid in cash, the Company will issue shares equal to the make-whole amount divided by the make-whole price. If the Company completes an equity offering sufficient to repay the Initial Tranche before the Second Tranche funding date, the obligation to issue the Second Tranche is suspended, with a $0.1 million termination fee and issuance of warrants for 26,688 shares of Class A common stock (the “Second Tranche Warrants”).

The May 2025 Loan contains customary events of default, upon which the outstanding obligations may be accelerated. The loan ranks senior to unsecured indebtedness. The Company was in compliance with all covenants prior to extinguishment of the May 2025 Loan on July 1, 2025.

On July 1, 2025, the Company prepaid $1.0 million, inclusive of the $0.1 million termination fee, in order to extinguish the May 2025 Loan. In addition, in relation to the extinguishment of the May 2025 Loan on July 1, 2025, the 26,688 Second Tranche Warrants were issued with an exercise price of $20.17 per share. The Second Tranche Warrants had a fair value of $0.4 million, which was included in the measurement of loss on extinguishment of the May 2025 Loan. The Second Tranche Warrants were exercisable immediately after issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The Company determined the fair value of the Second Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	20.17
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.84		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company recognized a $0.5 million loss on extinguishment in July 2025 related to the May 2025 Loan.

AGP Convertible Promissory Note

On May 13, 2025, the Company entered into an unsecured convertible promissory note (the “May 2025 Convertible Note”) with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (“AGP”) for a principal amount of $1.2 million, issued in exchange for AGP’s services in facilitating the issuance of equity securities under the MSA with VLD (see Note 9). The May 2025 Convertible Note bears interest at 4.5% per annum and matures on November 13, 2026, unless earlier converted or prepaid. AGP may elect to convert all or any portion of the outstanding principal and accrued interest into shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a conversion price of $29.81 per share, based on the closing price on May 9, 2025, subject to adjustment for stock splits, dividends, or similar events. At maturity, all outstanding principal and accrued interest are payable in cash or, at AGP’s option, in shares of Class A common stock at the conversion price. The Company may prepay the May 2025 Convertible Note in whole or in part at any time without penalty.

The May 2025 Convertible Note is classified as a liability under ASC Topic 718, as it was issued to a non-employee for services, and is remeasured at fair value at each reporting period until settlement, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings as part of operating expenses. The note represents payment for legal services incurred in

relation to the VLD MSA. Upon issuance, the Company recognized $0.3 million of legal expense related to the May 2025 Convertible Note in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The May 2025 Convertible Note contains customary events of default, upon which the outstanding obligations may be accelerated. The note is unsecured and ranks pari passu with the Company’s other unsecured indebtedness. The Company was in compliance with all covenants prior to settlement on January 9, 2026.

On June 17, 2025, the Company and AGP executed a letter agreement (the “June 2025 Note Amendment”) modifying the terms of the May 2025 Convertible Note. The June 2025 Note Amendment provided that a new convertible promissory note with a reduced principal amount of $0.5 million (the “Amended Note”) will replace the May 2025 Convertible Note. AGP agreed to waive any claim or recourse with respect to the $0.7 million differential between the May 2025 Convertible Note and the Amended Note. The Amended Note would retain substantially similar terms to the May 2025 Convertible Note, including the interest rate, maturity, conversion price, and conversion mechanics, with the only change being the reduction of the principal from $1.2 million to $0.5 million. The June 2025 Note Amendment was accounted for as a modification, with no change to the accounting treatment, as the note remains liability-classified and continues to be remeasured at fair value at each reporting period. No additional costs or premiums were recognized.

On January 9, 2026, the Company exchanged the May 2025 Convertible Note for a new unsecured convertible promissory note (the “January 2026 Convertible Note”) with substantially similar terms, except that the conversion price on the January 2026 Convertible Note was reduced from $29.8095 to $10.00 per share of Class A common stock. On the same date, the January 2026 Convertible Note was settled through the issuance of 50,000 shares of Class A common stock. The Company recognized legal expense of $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026, representing the change in the fair value of the liability-classified award immediately prior to settlement.

SIV Convertible Promissory Notes

On July 12, 2024, the Company and Space Infrastructure Ventures (“SIV”) entered into a secured convertible promissory note (the “July 2024 Convertible Note”) pursuant to which the Company borrowed $2.3 million as of September 26, 2024. The July 2024 Convertible Note bore an annual interest rate of 15%. Principal on the July 2024 Convertible Note was originally to be re-paid in four equal payments on a quarterly basis, commencing on December 1, 2024, and maturing on September 1, 2025, at which time all accrued interest is due. The July 2024 Convertible Note was subsequently amended in November 2024 which, among other things, provided that amounts owed under the July 2024 Convertible Note may be converted into Class A common stock at any time.

Amounts borrowed under the July 2024 Convertible Note were secured by a lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company. In lieu of cash payments of accrued interest, SIV, in its sole discretion, could elect to receive shares of Class A common stock at an original conversion price of $132.27 per share. On the maturity date, subject to the satisfaction of applicable legal and regulatory conditions, all outstanding obligations under the July 2024 Convertible Note would automatically convert into Class A common stock at the conversion price.

The July 2024 Convertible Note could be prepaid in full at any time, subject to a prepayment penalty fee of 10%. The July 2024 Convertible Note would accelerate and become immediately due upon the occurrence of certain customary events of default, including failure to pay amounts owing when due and/or certain events involving a discontinuation of our business or certain types of proceedings involving insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership and the like, or a change of control of Momentus. Contingent interest related to these events of default was an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and recognition as a derivative liability (“July 2024 Default Interest Derivative”). The July 2024 Default Interest Derivative instrument was recorded at fair value and marked-to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. As of the issuance date, each subsequent period end, and upon extinguishment at final maturity of the July 2024 Convertible Note on December 1, 2025, the July 2024 Default Interest Derivative was valued at zero.

On October 24, 2024, the Company and SIV entered into a secured convertible promissory note (the “October 2024 Convertible Note” and, collectively with the July 2024 Convertible Note, the “SIV Convertible Notes”) pursuant to which the Company borrowed $3.0 million in two tranches, consisting of (i) an initial loan in the principal amount of $2.0 million, and (ii) an additional $1.0 million in principal amount which could originally be borrowed from December 2, 2024 through February 14, 2025. Borrowings under the October 2024 Convertible Note bear interest at

15% per annum. The October 2024 Convertible Note had an original maturity date of October 24, 2025, at which time all principal and accrued interest is due. The October 2024 Convertible Note was subsequently amended in November 2024 which, among other things, (i) accelerated the borrowing of the additional $1.0 million in principal in November 2024 and (ii) provided that amounts owed under the October 2024 Convertible Note may be converted into Class A common stock at any time.

Amounts borrowed under the October 2024 Convertible Note are secured by a lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company. At any time after the date that is six months after the original issuance date of the October 2024 Convertible Note, SIV, in its sole discretion, may convert some or all of the outstanding obligations under the October 2024 Convertible Note into shares of Class A common stock at an original conversion price of $132.27 per share.

The October 2024 Convertible Note can be prepaid in full at any time, subject to a prepayment fee of 10%. The October 2024 Convertible Note will accelerate and become immediately due upon the occurrence of certain customary events of default, including failure to pay amounts owing when due and/or certain events involving a discontinuation of our business or certain types of proceedings involving insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership and the like, or a change of control of the Company. Contingent interest related to these events of default was an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and recognition as a derivative liability (“October 2024 Default Interest Derivative”). The October 2024 Default Interest Derivative instrument is recorded at fair value and marked‑to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. As of the issuance date and each subsequent period end through March 31, 2026, the October 2024 Default Interest Derivative was valued at zero.

The SIV Convertible Notes require SIV’s consent for the Company to take certain actions, such as increasing compensation, purchasing assets outside the ordinary course of business, extending financing, making capital expenditures in excess of $0.1 million, repaying debts outside the ordinary course of business, or investing in any entity or enterprise.

The debt premium on the first tranche of the October 2024 Convertible Note, as amended, was being amortized over the term of the October 2024 Convertible Note, prior to the September 2025 Amendment, using an effective interest rate of (18)%. The debt issuance costs on the second tranche of the October 2024 Convertible Note, as amended, were being amortized over the term of the October 2024 Convertible Note, until the September 2025 Amendment discussed below, using an effective interest rate of 348%.

On March 3, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a reduction in the conversion price for the July 2024 Convertible Note from $132.27 per share to $37.84 per share during the period beginning on March 3, 2025, and continuing until there are no further obligations outstanding under the July 2024 Convertible Note. The reduction in the conversion price for the July 2024 Convertible Note was accounted for as an extinguishment. The Company recognized a $0.1 million gain on extinguishment in the condensed consolidated statements of operations related to this extinguishment, resulting from the difference between the carrying value and reacquisition price of the July 2024 Convertible Note. The Company recognized a debt premium of $0.2 million related to the July 2024 Convertible Note, which was amortized over the term of the July 2024 Convertible Note, prior to the September 2025 Amendment, using an effective interest rate of (25)%.

On May 16, 2025, the Company offered SIV the opportunity to convert amounts outstanding under the July 2024 Convertible Note, at a reduced conversion price of $31.59 per share, into up to 6,307 shares of Class A common stock and, thereafter, to convert amount outstanding under the October 2024 Convertible Note, at a reduced conversion price of $31.59 per share. Pursuant to this offer, and as part of the Company’s May 2025 contractual repayment, on May 20, 2025, SIV converted $0.2 million of principal of the July 2024 Convertible Note into 6,307 shares of Class A common stock at a conversion price of $31.59 per share. The conversion was accounted for as a partial extinguishment of the July 2024 Convertible Note, resulting in a $0.01 million gain on extinguishment in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. In addition to the $0.2 million of principal converted into equity, the Company repaid $0.3 million of principal in cash, and postponed $0.1 million of payments, including $0.06 million of principal and $0.04 million of interest, to the following quarter. The postponement was accounted for as a modification of the July 2024 Convertible Note. SIV did not convert any amounts outstanding under the October 2024 Convertible Note pursuant to this offer.

On September 8, 2025, the Company amended the SIV Convertible Notes (the “September 2025 Amendment”). The September 2025 Amendment, among other things, extended the maturity date of the July 2024 Convertible Note and the October 2024 Convertible Note to December 1, 2025, and March 1, 2026, respectively. As a result of the

September 2025 Amendment, the $2.7 million outstanding principal amount of the October 2024 Convertible Note is payable in two tranches, with the first tranche of $1.0 million due on December 1, 2025, and the remaining $1.7 million, plus unpaid accrued interest, due at maturity on March 1, 2026. The September 2025 Amendment further changed the conversion price of both of the SIV Convertible Notes to an amount equal to the lower of (i) $19.81 per share and (ii) a 10% discount to the closing price of the Class A common stock on the day prior to each conversion, but in no event lower than $3.57 per share. The September 2025 Amendment was accounted for as an extinguishment of both of the SIV Convertible Notes. The Company recognized a $2.4 million loss on extinguishment in the condensed consolidated statements of operations related to the September 2025 Amendment, resulting from the difference between the carrying value and reacquisition price of the SIV Convertible Notes.

In addition, in connection with the September 2025 Amendment, the Company issued to SIV warrants to purchase up to 112,045 shares of Class A common stock with an exercise price of $19.81 per share (the “September 2025 SIV Warrants”). The September 2025 SIV Warrants had a fair value of $1.7 million which was included in measurement of the September 2025 Amendment loss on extinguishment. The September 2025 SIV Warrants were exercisable immediately after issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The Company determined the fair value of the September 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	21.42
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.57		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

Furthermore, in connection with the September 2025 Amendment, the Company also agreed to amend each of the October 2024 SIV Warrants and December 2024 SIV Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 25,951 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $132.27 per share and a termination date of April 24, 2030 (the “SIV Modified Warrants”). The SIV Modified Warrants were amended on September 8, 2025, to have a reduced exercise price of $19.81 per share. The Company estimated the fair value of the SIV Modified Warrants immediately before and after modification using the BSM option pricing model and determined an incremental increase in fair value of approximately $0.2 million. The incremental change in fair value of the SIV Modified Warrants was included in measurement of the September 2025 Amendment loss on extinguishment. The Company determined the incremental fair value of the SIV Modified Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	4.63			4.63
Stock price	$	21.42		$	21.42
Exercise price	$	132.27		$	19.81
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.55		%	3.55		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company capitalized cash debt issuance costs of $0.03 and recognized a debt premium of $0.3 million on the October 2024 Convertible Note in relation to the September 2025 Amendment. The net debt premium of $0.3 million was being amortized over the term of the October 2024 Convertible Note, until the December 2025 Amendment discussed below, using effective interest rates of (7)% and (34)% for the first and second tranches of the October 2024 Convertible Note, respectively. The Company also recognized a $0.1 million debt discount on the July 2024 Convertible Note in relation to the September 2025 Amendment. The debt discount was being amortized over the term of the July 2024 Convertible Note, until extinguishment in December 2025, using an effective interest rate of 103%.

The September 2025 Amendment permits the Company to incur up to $4.0 million of indebtedness on or after December 1, 2025, that is pari passu with the unpaid balance of the SIV Convertible Notes, provided that the Company issues to SIV warrants to purchase up to 10% of the total number of shares of Class A common stock SIV has converted under both of the SIV Convertible Notes after September 8, 2025, with the exercise price per share to correspond with the conversion price applicable under the SIV Convertible Notes at the time of the debt incurrence.

Thereafter, the Company will continue to issue to SIV warrants to purchase shares of Class A common equal to 10% of the shares converted from time to time under the SIV Convertible Notes, with the warrants having an exercise price equal to the corresponding conversion price at the time of issuance.

The Company paid $0.1 million to pay off the July 2024 Convertible Note in December 2025.

On December 5, 2025, the Company amended the October 2024 Convertible Note (the “December 2025 Amendment”). The December 2025 Amendment, among other things, deferred the first payment tranche of $1.0 million principal, originally due December 1, 2025, to May 1, 2026, and all remaining accrued unpaid interest, originally due March 1, 2026, to May 1, 2026. It also delayed the date on or after which the Company may incur up to $4.0 million of additional indebtedness pari passu with the October 2024 Convertible Note from December 1, 2025, to March 1, 2026.

In addition, in connection with the December 2025 Amendment, the Company issued to SIV warrants to purchase up to 13,446 shares of Class A common stock with an exercise price of $14.10 per share (the “December 2025 SIV Warrants”). The December 2025 SIV Warrants had a fair value of $0.1 million which was accounted for as a debt modification cost for the October 2024 Convertible Note. The December 2025 SIV Warrants are exercisable immediately after issuance and expire five years from the date of issuance. The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	14.28
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company recognized $0.1 million of debt issuance costs related to the December 2025 SIV Warrants in addition to an unamortized debt premium of $0.1 million on the first tranche of the October 2024 Convertible Note. The net debt discount of $0.04 million is being amortized over the term of the October 2024 Convertible Note using effective interest rates of 13% and 27% for the first and second tranches of the October 2024 Convertible Note, respectively.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company converted $0.8 million of principal and $0.2 million of accrued interest on the October 2024 Convertible Note into 159,030 shares of Class A common stock. The conversions were accounted for under ASC Sub-Topic 470-20, with no gain or loss recognized.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company converted $0.6 million of principal and $0.1 million of accrued interest on the SIV Convertible Notes into 10,645 shares of Class A common stock. The conversions were accounted for under ASC Sub-Topic 470-20, with no gain or loss recognized.

As of March 31, 2026, the October 2024 Convertible Note has a carrying value of $1.1 million, consisting of principal of $1.1 million, net unamortized discount of $0.01 million, and accrued interest of $0.2 million. The October 2024 Convertible Note has future scheduled maturities of $1.1 million in 2026. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, interest recognized on the October Convertible Note totaled $0.1 million. This amount consists of cash interest expense of $0.1 million and non-cash amortization of net debt discounts of $0.02 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, interest recognized on the SIV Convertible Notes totaled $(0.1) million. This amount consists of non-cash amortization of net debt premiums of $(0.3) million, partially offset by cash interest expense of $0.2 million.

On April 17, 2026, all amounts outstanding under the October 2024 Convertible Note were converted into shares of Class A common stock (see Note 16).

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480434/815-10-50-8A

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480738/235-10-S50-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 405
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 470
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/470/tableOfContent

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
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Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

+ Details

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Property, Machinery and Equipment, Net

The estimated useful lives of fixed assets by asset category are described below:


Fixed Assets						Estimated Useful Life
Computer equipment						Three years
Furniture and fixtures						Five years
Leasehold improvements						Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term (one year to seven years)
Machinery and equipment						Seven years

Property, machinery and equipment, net consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026		December 31, 2025
Computer equipment	$	219	$	21

Leasehold improvements	—		2,391
Machinery and equipment	1,202		2,839

Property, machinery and equipment, gross	1,421		5,251
Less: accumulated depreciation	(923)		(4,298)
Property, machinery and equipment, net	$	498	$	953

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

The disaggregation of revenue by type is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025

Hosted payload services		$	1,618	$	—
Forfeited customer deposits		—		87
Engineering project services		1,597		235
Total revenue		$	3,215	$	322

Schedule of Changes in Fair Value of Liabilities

The change in fair value of the Credit Provision Derivative asset subject to recurring remeasurement was as follows:


(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2025	$	164
Settlement	(146)
Balance, March 31, 2026	$	18

The change in fair values of liabilities subject to recurring remeasurement were as follows:


(in thousands)	Warrant Liability (Level 3)		May 2025 Convertible Note (Level 3)		AIR Warrants (Level 3)
Balance, December 31, 2025	$	3	$	331	$	—


Change in fair value	—		275		—
Settlement	—		(606)		—

Balance, March 31, 2026	$	3	$	—	$	—

Schedule of Fair Value Inputs

Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the May 2025 Convertible Note were as follows:


	January 9, 2026			December 31, 2025
Expected term (years)	0.84			0.96
Stock price	$	12.46		$	4.87
Volatility	45.00		%	45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.54		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the AIR Warrants as of December 31, 2025, were as follows:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	4.87		$	4.87
Volatility	87.50%			45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.50		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	78.64		%	78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The following inputs were used in the convertible bond and BSM option pricing models:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	22.13		$	22.13
Volatility	87.50%			45.00%
Risk-free rate	3.75		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	N/A			78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The Company determined the fair value of the Initial Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	29.99
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	4.04		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the Second Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	20.17
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.84		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the September 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	21.42
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.57		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the incremental fair value of the SIV Modified Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	4.63			4.63
Stock price	$	21.42		$	21.42
Exercise price	$	132.27		$	19.81
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.55		%	3.55		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	14.28
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model at the initial recognition date are as follows:


	January 2026 Warrants			January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.08			5.00
Stock price	$	9.83		$	9.83
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Post-modification
	October 2025 Warrants			December 2025 Warrants			January 2026 Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.09			5.09			5.09
Stock price	$	8.82		$	8.82		$	8.82
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%	3.72		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before modification date are as follows:


Expected term (years)	4.77
Stock price	$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.15
Stock price	$	16.96
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	5.16			5.16
Stock price	$	13.57		$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.79		%	3.79		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	March 2025 Warrants			July 2025 Warrants
Expected term (years)	4.44			4.71
Stock price	$	30.52		$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.56		%	3.58		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the October 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.31
Stock price	$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.63		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	February 2025 Warrants			Investor Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	4.49			4.35			-	4.70
Stock price	$	34.09		$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50					%
Risk-free rate	3.74		%	3.73		%	-	3.75%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00					%

The Company determined the fair value of the August 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Warrant term (years)	5.09
Stock price	$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.78		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Pre-modification
Warrant term (years)	4.47			-	4.82		4.47			-	4.82
Stock price	$	21.78					$	21.78
Volatility	90.00					%	90.00					%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%	-	3.78%		3.76		%	-	3.78%
Dividend yield	0.00					%	0.00					%

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026		December 31, 2025
Legal and other professional services	$	1,524	$	1,232
Compensation expense	76		99
Research and development projects	205		119


Other accrued liabilities	439		822
Total	$	2,244	$	2,272

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Fair Value Inputs (Details) $ in Millions	Jan. 09, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Expected term (years) \| May 2025 Convertible Note
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt instrument, measurement input	0.84	0.96
Expected term (years) \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		5.00
Expected term (years) \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.92
Stock price \| May 2025 Convertible Note
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt instrument, measurement input	12.46	4.87
Stock price \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		4.87
Stock price \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		4.87
Volatility \| May 2025 Convertible Note
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt instrument, measurement input	0.4500	0.4500
Volatility \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.875
Volatility \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.4500
Risk-free rate \| May 2025 Convertible Note
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt instrument, measurement input	0.0354	0.0349
Risk-free rate \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0373
Risk-free rate \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0350
Dividend yield \| May 2025 Convertible Note
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Debt instrument, measurement input	0	0
Dividend yield \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0
Dividend yield \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0
Discount rate on the note \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.7864
Discount rate on the note \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.7864
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions) \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		3.7
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions) \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		3.7

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Unconditional Purchase Obligations

As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s future unconditional purchase obligations are as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2026	$	1,540


Total	$	1,540

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Property, Machinery and Equipment, net (Details)	Mar. 31, 2026
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	3 years
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	5 years
Leasehold improvements \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	1 year
Leasehold improvements \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	7 years
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	7 years

Supplemental Disclosures for Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures

Supplemental disclosures for the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows consist of the following:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2026		2025




Issuance of common stock in settlement of accounts payable	$	95	$	—
Issuance costs related to warrant modifications	348		—
Issuance costs related to placement agent warrants	1,092		—
Issuance of common stock upon partial conversion of SIV Convertible Notes	973		664
Issuance of common stock upon settlement of May 2025 Convertible Note	606		—






Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest	$	65	$	32
Operating lease payments included in operating cash flows	419		407

Segment Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Information

The following table presents selected financial information with respect to the Company’s single operating segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Service revenue		$	3,215	$	322
Cost of revenue		1,398		—
Gross profit		1,817		322
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses		4,169		1,915
Selling, general and administrative expenses		6,340		4,592
Total operating expenses		10,509		6,507
Loss from operations		(8,692)		(6,185)

Other income (expense), net:
Realized loss on disposal of assets		(326)		—
Interest income		114		4
Interest expense		(586)		156
Gain on debt extinguishment		—		58


Other income (expense)		10		(205)
Total other income (expense), net		(788)		13
Net loss		$	(9,480)	$	(6,172)

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Unconditional Purchase Obligations (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($)
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Remainder of 2026	$ 1,540
Total	$ 1,540

Property, Machinery and Equipment

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Machinery and Equipment

Note 4. Property, Machinery and Equipment

Property, machinery and equipment, net consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026		December 31, 2025
Computer equipment	$	219	$	21

Leasehold improvements	—		2,391
Machinery and equipment	1,202		2,839

Property, machinery and equipment, gross	1,421		5,251
Less: accumulated depreciation	(923)		(4,298)
Property, machinery and equipment, net	$	498	$	953

Depreciation expense related to property, machinery and equipment was $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Depreciation expense is recorded within operating expenses. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company disposed of certain machinery and equipment in connection with the relocation of its headquarters.

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value Inputs

Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the May 2025 Convertible Note were as follows:


	January 9, 2026			December 31, 2025
Expected term (years)	0.84			0.96
Stock price	$	12.46		$	4.87
Volatility	45.00		%	45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.54		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the AIR Warrants as of December 31, 2025, were as follows:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	4.87		$	4.87
Volatility	87.50%			45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.50		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	78.64		%	78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The following inputs were used in the convertible bond and BSM option pricing models:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	22.13		$	22.13
Volatility	87.50%			45.00%
Risk-free rate	3.75		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	N/A			78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The Company determined the fair value of the Initial Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	29.99
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	4.04		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the Second Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	20.17
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.84		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the September 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	21.42
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.57		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the incremental fair value of the SIV Modified Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	4.63			4.63
Stock price	$	21.42		$	21.42
Exercise price	$	132.27		$	19.81
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.55		%	3.55		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	14.28
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model at the initial recognition date are as follows:


	January 2026 Warrants			January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.08			5.00
Stock price	$	9.83		$	9.83
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Post-modification
	October 2025 Warrants			December 2025 Warrants			January 2026 Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.09			5.09			5.09
Stock price	$	8.82		$	8.82		$	8.82
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%	3.72		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before modification date are as follows:


Expected term (years)	4.77
Stock price	$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.15
Stock price	$	16.96
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	5.16			5.16
Stock price	$	13.57		$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.79		%	3.79		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	March 2025 Warrants			July 2025 Warrants
Expected term (years)	4.44			4.71
Stock price	$	30.52		$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.56		%	3.58		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the October 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.31
Stock price	$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.63		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	February 2025 Warrants			Investor Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	4.49			4.35			-	4.70
Stock price	$	34.09		$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50					%
Risk-free rate	3.74		%	3.73		%	-	3.75%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00					%

The Company determined the fair value of the August 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Warrant term (years)	5.09
Stock price	$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.78		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Pre-modification
Warrant term (years)	4.47			-	4.82		4.47			-	4.82
Stock price	$	21.78					$	21.78
Volatility	90.00					%	90.00					%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%	-	3.78%		3.76		%	-	3.78%
Dividend yield	0.00					%	0.00					%

Schedule of Outstanding Stock Purchases Warrants

The Company’s outstanding stock purchases warrants are summarized as follows:


Tranche	Exercise Price		Expiration Date	March 31, 2026	December 31, 2025
Private Warrants	$	143,693.00	08/12/26	903	903
Public Warrants	$	143,693.00	08/12/26	691	691
September 2024 Placement Agent Warrants	$	158.06	09/17/29	2,002	2,002
October 2024 SIV Warrants	$	19.81	04/24/30	15,124	15,124
December 2024 SIV Warrants	$	19.81	04/24/30	10,828	10,828
December 2024 Placement Agent Warrants	$	121.74	12/18/29	2,241	2,241
December 2024 Wolverine Warrants (1)	$	3.80	12/13/29	1,597	1,597
February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants	$	77.07	02/11/30	3,569	3,569
Initial Tranche Warrants (1)	$	3.80	06/18/30	26,688	26,688
Second Tranche Warrants (1)	$	3.80	06/18/30	26,688	26,688
September 2025 SIV Warrants	$	19.81	09/13/30	112,045	112,045
September 2025 Warrants	$	24.99	09/25/30	81,847	81,847
October 2025 Warrants (2)	$	13.74	12/09/30	—	418,465
December 2025 Warrants (2)	$	13.74	12/09/30	—	408,576
December 2025 SIV Warrants	$	14.10	12/05/30	13,446	13,446
January 2026 Warrants	$	5.40	02/06/31	925,926	—
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants	$	5.94	01/06/31	46,296	—
January 2026 Modified Warrants (2)	$	5.40	02/06/31	827,042	—

(1) The exercise price of these warrants was reduced from $4.87 to $3.80 per share during the three months ended March 31, 2026 as a result of down-round adjustments triggered by sales under the Company's ATM Sales Agreement.

(2) The October 2025 Warrants and December 2025 Warrants were amended in January 2026 to reduce the exercise price and extend the expiration date, as discussed under January 2026 Offering discussion above, and are referred to as the January 2026 Modified Warrants thereafter.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 3,215	$ 322
Hosted payload services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,618	0
Forfeited customer deposits
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	0	87
Engineering project services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 1,597	$ 235

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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- Definition

Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.

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+ Details

Intangible Assets - Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value	$ 463	$ 463
Accumulated Amortization	(275)	(262)
Net Value	188	201
Patents/Intellectual Property
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value	463	463
Accumulated Amortization	(275)	(262)
Net Value	$ 188	$ 201
Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period (In Years)	4 years 1 month 6 days	4 years 3 months 18 days

- Definition

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+ Details

Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Operating Lease Expense

The components of operating lease expense were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Operating lease cost		$	695	$	275
Variable lease expense		218		158
Short-term lease expense		20		6
Total lease expense		$	933	$	439

Schedule of Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities

As of March 31, 2026, the maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities were as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2026	$	503
2027	1,432
2028	1,872
2029	1,928
2030	1,985
Thereafter	3,621
Total lease payments	11,341
Less: Imputed interest	(3,637)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	7,704

Stockholders' Equity - December 2025 Warrant Inducement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands											3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Sep. 08, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Aug. 13, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)										$ 77.07
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000	$ 21,600	$ 17,400	$ 3,700				$ 2,100
Offering fees and other expenses payable				$ 300	$ 500			$ 200
Proceeds from exercise of warrants					$ 7,100				$ 1,900		$ 0	$ 2,068
Change in fair value of warrant liability						$ 600
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)																20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)							5 years			5 years					5 years
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)							38,096	60,025		16,807
Exercise price (in dollars per share)								$ 34.45	$ 67.83						$ 108.53
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)					418,465								37,816				40,017
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)											5 years
December 2025 Warrant Inducement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)				272,385
Exercise price (in dollars per share)				$ 13.74
Proceeds from exercise of warrants				$ 3,400
Change in fair value of warrant liability				$ 1,500
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)				5 years
Class of warrant or right, beneficially owned to exceed percentage (as percent)				4.99%
December 2025 Warrant Inducement, Immediately Exercisable
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)				$ 19.81
December 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)											$ 13.74
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)			408,576								0			408,576
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)														5 years
October 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)											$ 13.74
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)			418,465								0
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)					5 years
October 2025 Warrants \| Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)					$ 25.53

Stockholders' Equity - August 2025 Warrant Inducement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands					3 Months Ended
	Oct. 14, 2025	Aug. 13, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)									$ 77.07
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	$ 7,100			$ 1,900	$ 0	$ 2,068
Offering fees and other expenses payable	$ 500						$ 300	$ 200
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)											20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)			5 years						5 years	5 years
August 2025 Warrant Inducement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercised (in shares)		71,367
Exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 19.81
Proceeds from exercise of warrants		$ 2,700
Offering fees and other expenses payable		$ 300
Securities as a percentage of shares issued		4.99%
August 2025 Warrant Inducement, Immediately Exercisable
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 67.83	$ 25.17
August 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 19.81
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)		272,385
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)		5 years
February 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Proceeds from exercise of warrants		$ 2,400
July 2025 Public Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercised (in shares)			64,826

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidated Interim Financial Information

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Restricted cash primarily represents cash deposited as collateral for the Company’s credit card program.

Accounts Receivable

Deferred Fulfillment and Prepaid Launch Costs

Property, Machinery and Equipment


Fixed Assets						Estimated Useful Life
Computer equipment						Three years
Furniture and fixtures						Five years
Leasehold improvements						Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term (one year to seven years)
Machinery and equipment						Seven years

Costs of maintenance or repairs that do not extend the lives of the respective assets are charged to expenses as incurred.

Intangible Assets

Loss Contingencies

Revenue Recognition

The Company accounts for customer contracts in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”), which includes the following five-step model:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer.

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract.

•Determination of the transaction price.

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Fair Value Measurement

•Level 1, observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

•Level 2, inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

•Level 3, unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which requires that the Company develop its own assumptions.

The change in fair value of the Credit Provision Derivative asset subject to recurring remeasurement was as follows:


(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2025	$	164
Settlement	(146)
Balance, March 31, 2026	$	18

As of March 31, 2026, the Company has the following liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


	January 9, 2026			December 31, 2025
Expected term (years)	0.84			0.96
Stock price	$	12.46		$	4.87
Volatility	45.00		%	45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.54		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	4.87		$	4.87
Volatility	87.50%			45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.50		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	78.64		%	78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

Derivative Instruments

Warrant Liability

Equity Classified Warrants

Modification of Equity Classified Warrants

Convertible Instruments

Fair Value Option for Convertible Debt

Equity Issuance Costs

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

their estimated fair value.

Stock-based Compensation

401(k) Plan

The Company has a 401(k) plan that it offers to its full-time employees.

Research and Development Costs

Leases

Income Taxes

Concentrations of Risk

Segment Reporting

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) segment	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Restricted cash, current	$ 105,000	$ 100,000	$ 55,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts	0	0
Deferred fulfillment and prepaid launch costs	2,200,000		6,300,000
Recorded revenue	2,700,000	200,000
Contract with customer, liability	500,000	4,200,000
Contract liabilities, non-current	120,000	100,000	120,000
Service revenue	3,215,000	322,000
Contract with customer, liability			600,000	$ 100,000
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)					5 years	5 years	5 years
Impairments of long-lived assets	0	0
Defined contribution plan, cost	$ 0	$ 0
Number of reportable segments \| segment	1
Number of operating segments \| segment	1
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Geographic Distribution, Foreign
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Percentage of derived from customers	1.00%
Restricted Stock Units
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Expected term	6 months
ESPP
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Offering period	6 months
Common Class A
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)	5 years
Common Class B
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)	1 year 6 months
Patents
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Intangible asset useful life	10 years
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Deferred fulfillment and prepaid launch costs	$ 1,000,000.0		5,100,000
Other Noncurrent Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Deferred fulfillment and prepaid launch costs	$ 1,200,000		$ 1,200,000

Stockholders' Equity - Baker & McKenzie LLP settlement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Oct. 24, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)			20,009
Baker & McKenzie LLP
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Obligation amount	$ 1.1
Obligation amount paid in cash	$ 0.1
Number of shares sold (in shares)	32,527
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001
Additional expense recognized	$ 0.1
B&M Pre-funded Warrants \| Baker & McKenzie LLP
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)		19,210
Fair value of equity issuance for services	$ 1.2

Leases - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2026
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease, weighted-average remaining lease term	6 years 6 months
Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate	11.30%

Net Loss Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

Note 11. Net Loss Per Share

Net loss per share is provided in accordance with ASC Sub-Topic 260-10, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net loss for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. It is computed by dividing undistributed earnings allocated to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus the dilutive effect of outstanding preferred shares, options and unvested stock units, and warrants outstanding pursuant to the treasury stock method.

As the Company incurred a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the inclusion of preferred stock, certain options, unvested stock units, warrants, convertible promissory notes, and contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would be anti-dilutive and, accordingly, were excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation.

The following table summarizes potential common shares that were excluded as their effect is anti-dilutive:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2026	2025

Options and unvested stock units outstanding		129,067	252
Warrants outstanding		2,096,933	228,369
Convertible promissory notes		133,269	60,672
Contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares		116	116
Total		2,359,385	289,409

Prepaids and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Prepaid launch costs, current	$ 1,033	$ 5,087
Prepaid design and production services, current	2,072	1,538
Prepaid insurance and other current assets	2,068	2,696
Total	5,173	9,321
Non-current portion of prepaid launch costs	1,200	1,200
Non-current portion of prepaid design and production services	$ 6,500	$ 7,000

Stockholders' Equity - Shares Issued in Settlement of Accounts Payable and Customer Deposits (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Accounts payable settled	$ 0.1
Common Class A
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of shares for services (in shares) \| shares	5,723
Fair value of equity issuance for services	$ 0.1

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480434/815-10-50-8A

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480738/235-10-S50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 480
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479857/480-10-S50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-3

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(d))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

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-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2))
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))
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Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

+ Details

Loan Payable - Schedule of Fair Value Inputs (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Dec. 05, 2025 $ / shares	Sep. 25, 2025 USD ($)	Sep. 08, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares	Sep. 07, 2025 $ / shares	Jul. 01, 2025	May 16, 2025 $ / shares	Mar. 03, 2025 $ / shares	Jul. 12, 2024 $ / shares
Convertible promissory notes \| Convertible Debt
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Fair value of warrants			$ 1.7
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 14.10		$ 19.81	$ 132.27		$ 31.59	$ 37.84	$ 132.27
Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Fair value of warrants		$ 3.7
Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Fair value of warrants		$ 3.7
Expected term (years) \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	5.00		4.63	4.63
Expected term (years) \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		5.00
Expected term (years) \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.92
Expected term (years) \| Initial Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		5.00
Expected term (years) \| Second Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					5.00
Expected term (years) \| September 2025 SIV Warrants \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			5.00
Stock price \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	14.28		21.42	21.42
Stock price \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		22.13
Stock price \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		22.13
Stock price \| Initial Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		29.99
Stock price \| Second Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					20.17
Stock price \| September 2025 SIV Warrants \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			21.42
Volatility \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.8250		0.8750	0.8750
Volatility \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.875
Volatility \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.45
Volatility \| Initial Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.9000
Volatility \| Second Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					0.9000
Volatility \| September 2025 SIV Warrants \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.8750
Risk-free rate \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0372		0.0355	0.0355
Risk-free rate \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0375
Risk-free rate \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0349
Risk-free rate \| Initial Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0404
Risk-free rate \| Second Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					0.0384
Risk-free rate \| September 2025 SIV Warrants \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0357
Dividend yield \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0000		0.0000	0.0000
Dividend yield \| Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0
Dividend yield \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0
Dividend yield \| Initial Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0000
Dividend yield \| Second Tranche Warrants
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					0.0000
Dividend yield \| September 2025 SIV Warrants \| Convertible promissory notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0000
Discount rate on the note \| Junior Convertible Notes
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.7864

Stockholders' Equity - Common Stock and Preferred Stock (Details)		1 Months Ended
	Dec. 17, 2025	Dec. 31, 2025 $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2026 $ / shares shares	Dec. 17, 2024 $ / shares shares	Dec. 12, 2024
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares of stock authorized (in shares) \| shares				270,000,000
Preferred stock, number of shares authorized (in shares) \| shares		20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred stock conversion ratio					0.056
Preferred stock, liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 20.80
Common Class A
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock split ratio	0.0560	0.0560
Common stock, number of shares authorized (in shares) \| shares		250,000,000	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Class B
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, number of shares authorized (in shares) \| shares		0	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, number of shares authorized (in shares) \| shares				20,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 0.00001

Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Legal and other professional services	$ 1,524	$ 1,232
Compensation expense	76	99
Research and development projects	205	119
Other accrued liabilities	439	822
Total	$ 2,244	$ 2,272

Stock-based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-based Compensation

Note 10. Stock-based Compensation

Legacy Stock Plans

In May 2018, the Board of Directors of Momentus Inc. approved the 2018 Stock Plan (the “Initial Plan”) that allowed for granting of incentive and non-qualified stock options (“NSOs”) and restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) to employees, directors, and consultants. The Initial Plan was terminated in November 2018. Awards outstanding under the Initial Plan continue to be governed by the terms of the Initial Plan.

In February and March 2020, the Board of Directors of Momentus Inc. approved the Amended and Restated 2018 Stock Plan (the “2018 Plan”). No additional grants have been made since 2020 and no new grants will be made from the 2018 Plan, however, the options issued and outstanding under the plan continue to be governed by the terms of the 2018 Plan. Forfeitures from the legacy plans become available under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, described below.

2021 Equity Incentive Plan

In 2021, the Company adopted the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), under which 479 shares of Class A common stock were initially reserved for issuance. The 2021 Plan allows for the issuance of incentive stock options, NSOs, RSAs, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), RSUs, and performance awards. The Board of Directors determines the period over which grants become exercisable. The 2021 Plan became effective immediately following the Closing. The 2021 Plan has an evergreen provision which allows for shares available for issuance under the plan to be increased on the first day of each fiscal year beginning with the 2022 fiscal year and ending on (and including) the first day of the 2031 fiscal year, in each case, in an amount equal to (i) three percent (3.0%) of the outstanding shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year or (ii) such number of shares determined by the Board of Directors.

On May 19, 2025, the Company adopted the first amendment to the 2021 Plan to increase the number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Plan by 53,222 shares. All other terms of the 2021 Plan remained the same.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the shares available for grant under the 2021 Plan increased by 64,964 due to the evergreen provision.

As of March 31, 2026, there were 2 shares remaining available for grant. Grant activity under the 2021 Plan is described below.

2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In connection with the Closing, the Company adopted the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2021 ESPP”), under which 128 shares of Class A common stock were initially reserved for issuance. The 2021 ESPP provides a means by which eligible employees of the Company may be given an opportunity to purchase shares of Class A common stock at a discount as permitted under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The 2021 ESPP has an evergreen provision which allows for shares available for issuance under the plan to be increased on the first day of each fiscal year beginning with the 2022 fiscal year and ending on (and including) the first day of the 2031 fiscal year, in each case, in an amount equal to (i) half a percent (0.5%) of the outstanding shares on the last day of the calendar month prior to the date of such automatic increase or (ii) 128 shares. Participation in the 2021 ESPP has been suspended by the Board of Directors. The 2021 ESPP became effective immediately following the Closing. The Company has an outstanding liability pertaining to the 2021 ESPP of $4 thousand as of March 31, 2026, included in accrued expenses, for employee contributions to the 2021 ESPP, which will be refunded to participants due to the suspension of the plan. As of March 31, 2026, there were 7,495 shares remaining available for issuance.

2022 Inducement Equity Plan

In February 2022, the Company adopted the 2022 Inducement Equity Plan (the “2022 Plan”), under which 321 shares of Class A common stock were initially reserved for issuance. The 2022 Plan allows for the issuance of NSOs, RSAs, SARs, RSUs, and stock bonus awards, subject to certain eligibility requirements. The Board of Directors determines the period over which grants become exercisable and grants generally vest over a four‑year period.

On March 22, 2023, the Company adopted the first amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2022 Plan from 321 shares of Class A common stock to 561 shares of Class A common stock. All other terms of the 2022 Plan remained the same.

On May 8, 2023, the Company adopted the second amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2022 Plan from 561 shares of Class A common stock to 641 shares of Class A common stock. All other terms of the 2022 Plan remained the same.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the shares available for issuance under the 2022 Plan increased by 50,000 due to the evergreen provision.

As of March 31, 2026, only RSU grants have been made under the 2022 Plan and there were 56,184 shares remaining available for issuance. Grant activity under the 2022 Plan is described below.

Options Activity

The following table sets forth the summary of options activity, under the 2018 Plan and the 2021 Plan, for the three months ended March 31, 2026:


(in thousands, except share-based data)	Total Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2025	2,424	$	632.86

Granted	—	—

Forfeitures	—	—
Outstanding as of March 31, 2026	2,424	$	632.86	9.1	$	—
Exercisable as of March 31, 2026	1,976	$	772.10	9.0	$	—
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2026	2,424	$	632.86	9.1	$	—

As of March 31, 2026, there was an immaterial amount of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.6 years.

Restricted Stock Unit and Restricted Stock Award Activity

The following table sets forth the summary of RSU and RSA activity, under the Initial Plan, the 2018 Plan, the 2021 Plan, and the 2022 Plan, for the three months ended March 31, 2026. RSAs were an immaterial portion of activity for the period:


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (i.e. Share Price)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2025	42,604	$	68.29
Granted	84,211	4.50
Released	(73)	10,160.64
Forfeited	(99)	21.96
Outstanding as of March 31, 2026	126,643	$	20.09

Included in the outstanding RSUs as of March 31, 2026, are 1,824 vested RSUs that have not yet been released. As of March 31, 2026, there was a total of $1.0 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years.

Stock-based Compensation

The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation under the Initial Plan, the 2018 Plan, the 2021 Plan, and the 2022 Plan by expense type:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Research and development expenses		$	80	$	212
Selling, general and administrative expenses		242		845
Total		$	322	$	1,057

The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation under the Initial Plan, the 2018 Plan, the 2021 Plan, and the 2022 Plan by award type:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Options		$	2	$	42
RSUs & RSAs		320		1,015


Total		$	322	$	1,057

Cover Page - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares	Mar. 31, 2026	May 13, 2026
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2026
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39128
Entity Registrant Name	Momentus Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	84-1905538
Entity Address, Address Line One	1762 Automation Parkway
Entity Address, City or Town	San Jose
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	95131
City Area Code	650
Local Phone Number	564-7820
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Smaller Reporting Company	true
Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		9,992,398
Entity Central Index Key	0001781162
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2026
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Common stock – Class A
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A common stock
Trading Symbol	MNTS
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Warrants
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Warrants
Trading Symbol	MNTSW
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ

Leases - Schedule of Components of Operating Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 695	$ 275
Variable lease expense	218	158
Short-term lease expense	20	6
Total lease expense	$ 933	$ 439

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Mar. 31, 2026
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Note 13. Income Taxes The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, was zero percent. The effective tax rate may vary significantly from period to period and can be influenced by many factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, changes to the statutory rates in the jurisdictions where the Company has operations and changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities. The difference between the effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily relates to certain nondeductible items, state and local income taxes, the absence of current income tax, and a full valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. One Big Beautiful Bill Act On July 4, 2025, a budget and reconciliation package known as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (the “OBBBA”) was signed into law in the United States. Among other provisions, the OBBBA amends U.S. tax law including the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions. The legislation has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income tax.

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+ Details

Segment Information - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
Segment Information - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2026 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of operating segments	1

Leases - Schedule of Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($)
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payment, Due [Abstract]
Remainder of 2026	$ 503
2027	1,432
2028	1,872
2029	1,928
2030	1,985
Thereafter	3,621
Total lease payments	11,341
Less: Imputed interest	(3,637)
Present value of lease liabilities	$ 7,704

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2026
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Changes in Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Credit Provision Derivative Asset
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair value at beginning of period	$ 18	$ 164
Settlement	(146)
Fair value at end of period	18
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 \| Warrant Liability (Level 3)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair value at beginning of period	3	3
Change in fair value	0
Settlement	0
Fair value at end of period	3
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 \| May 2025 Convertible Note (Level 3)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair value at beginning of period	0	331
Change in fair value	275
Settlement	(606)
Fair value at end of period	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 \| AIR Warrants (Level 3)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair value at beginning of period	0	$ 0
Change in fair value	0
Settlement	0
Fair value at end of period	$ 0

Property, Machinery and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2025
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, machinery and equipment, gross	$ 1,421		$ 5,251
Less: accumulated depreciation	(923)		(4,298)
Property, machinery and equipment, net	498		953
Depreciation expense	300	$ 300
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, machinery and equipment, gross	219		21
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, machinery and equipment, gross	0		2,391
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, machinery and equipment, gross	$ 1,202		$ 2,839

Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Note 14. Segment Information

The Company operates as one operating segment. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis. The CODM uses consolidated net loss and net cash used in operations to assess financial performance and allocate resources. These financial metrics are used by the CODM to make key operating decisions, such as the allocation of budget between research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses and determination of cash from financing activities required.

The following table presents selected financial information with respect to the Company’s single operating segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Service revenue		$	3,215	$	322
Cost of revenue		1,398		—
Gross profit		1,817		322
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses		4,169		1,915
Selling, general and administrative expenses		6,340		4,592
Total operating expenses		10,509		6,507
Loss from operations		(8,692)		(6,185)

Other income (expense), net:
Realized loss on disposal of assets		(326)		—
Interest income		114		4
Interest expense		(586)		156
Gain on debt extinguishment		—		58


Other income (expense)		10		(205)
Total other income (expense), net		(788)		13
Net loss		$	(9,480)	$	(6,172)

See the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for other financial information regarding the Company’s operating segment. The Company’s long-lived tangible assets, as well as the Company’s operating ROU assets recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, are located in the United States.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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+ Details

Loan Payable (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value Inputs

Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the May 2025 Convertible Note were as follows:


	January 9, 2026			December 31, 2025
Expected term (years)	0.84			0.96
Stock price	$	12.46		$	4.87
Volatility	45.00		%	45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.54		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

Key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the AIR Warrants as of December 31, 2025, were as follows:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	4.87		$	4.87
Volatility	87.50%			45.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.50		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	78.64		%	78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The following inputs were used in the convertible bond and BSM option pricing models:


	Underlying Investor Warrants (BSM)			Junior Convertible Notes
Expected term (years)	5.00			0.92
Stock price	$	22.13		$	22.13
Volatility	87.50%			45.00%
Risk-free rate	3.75		%	3.49		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Discount rate on the note	N/A			78.64		%
Exercise price of AIR Warrants (millions)	$	3.7		$	3.7

The Company determined the fair value of the Initial Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	29.99
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	4.04		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the Second Tranche Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	20.17
Volatility	90.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.84		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the September 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	21.42
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.57		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the incremental fair value of the SIV Modified Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	4.63			4.63
Stock price	$	21.42		$	21.42
Exercise price	$	132.27		$	19.81
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.55		%	3.55		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 SIV Warrants by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.00
Stock price	$	14.28
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model at the initial recognition date are as follows:


	January 2026 Warrants			January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.08			5.00
Stock price	$	9.83		$	9.83
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Post-modification
	October 2025 Warrants			December 2025 Warrants			January 2026 Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.09			5.09			5.09
Stock price	$	8.82		$	8.82		$	8.82
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%	3.72		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before modification date are as follows:


Expected term (years)	4.77
Stock price	$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.15
Stock price	$	16.96
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	5.16			5.16
Stock price	$	13.57		$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.79		%	3.79		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	March 2025 Warrants			July 2025 Warrants
Expected term (years)	4.44			4.71
Stock price	$	30.52		$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.56		%	3.58		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company determined the fair value of the October 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.31
Stock price	$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.63		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	February 2025 Warrants			Investor Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	4.49			4.35			-	4.70
Stock price	$	34.09		$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50					%
Risk-free rate	3.74		%	3.73		%	-	3.75%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00					%

The Company determined the fair value of the August 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Warrant term (years)	5.09
Stock price	$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.78		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Pre-modification
Warrant term (years)	4.47			-	4.82		4.47			-	4.82
Stock price	$	21.78					$	21.78
Volatility	90.00					%	90.00					%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%	-	3.78%		3.76		%	-	3.78%
Dividend yield	0.00					%	0.00					%

Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Note 6. Leases

The Company leases office space under a non-cancellable operating lease. The Company’s prior San Jose, California lease terminated on March 31, 2026. In December 2025, the Company commenced another lease in San Jose, California. This lease has an expiration date in September 2032.

The components of operating lease expense were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Operating lease cost		$	695	$	275
Variable lease expense		218		158
Short-term lease expense		20		6
Total lease expense		$	933	$	439

Variable lease expense consists of the Company’s proportionate share of operating expenses, property taxes, and insurance.

As of March 31, 2026, the weighted-average remaining lease term was 6.5 years and the weighted-average discount rate was 11.3%.

As of March 31, 2026, the maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities were as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2026	$	503
2027	1,432
2028	1,872
2029	1,928
2030	1,985
Thereafter	3,621
Total lease payments	11,341
Less: Imputed interest	(3,637)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	7,704

Stockholders' Equity - September 2025 Equity Line of Credit (Details)	Dec. 23, 2025 day $ / shares	Sep. 25, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jan. 26, 2026 shares	Oct. 14, 2025 shares	Mar. 21, 2025 $ / shares	Mar. 20, 2025 $ / shares	Feb. 11, 2025 $ / shares	Dec. 17, 2024 $ / shares	Oct. 24, 2024 shares	Sep. 15, 2024 shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Purchase amount of common stock \| $		$ 50,000,000.0
Trading price percentage of purchase price		106.00%
Purchase price (in dollars per share)		$ 22.13
Sale of stock, term (in months)		36 months
Optional term		30 days
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares									20,009
Exercise price (in dollars per share)							$ 77.07
ELOC Pre-funded Warrants (Level 3)
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares			4,202
Exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 0.00001
Number of warrants terminated (in shares) \| shares		42,017
Fair value of warrants \| $		$ 800,000
Remeasured fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 1.24
Lowest trading price (as percent)	94.00%
Number of trading days \| day	3
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares		37,816		418,465						40,017
Exercise price (in dollars per share)					$ 34.45	$ 67.83		$ 108.53

Segment Information - Schedule of Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue	$ 3,215	$ 322
Cost of revenue	1,398	0
Gross profit	1,817	322
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses	4,169	1,915
Selling, general and administrative expenses	6,340	4,592
Total operating expenses	10,509	6,507
Loss from operations	(8,692)	(6,185)
Other income (expense), net:
Realized loss on disposal of assets	(326)	0
Interest income	114	4
Interest expense	(586)	156
Gain on debt extinguishment	0	58
Other income (expense)	10	(205)
Total other income (expense), net	(788)	13
Net loss	(9,480)	(6,172)
Reportable Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue	3,215	322
Cost of revenue	1,398	0
Gross profit	1,817	322
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses	4,169	1,915
Selling, general and administrative expenses	6,340	4,592
Total operating expenses	10,509	6,507
Loss from operations	(8,692)	(6,185)
Other income (expense), net:
Realized loss on disposal of assets	(326)	0
Interest income	114	4
Interest expense	(586)	156
Gain on debt extinguishment	0	58
Other income (expense)	10	(205)
Total other income (expense), net	(788)	13
Net loss	$ (9,480)	$ (6,172)

Loan Payable - September 2025 Convertible Note and AIR Warrants (Details)								3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026 USD ($)	Feb. 06, 2026 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Dec. 09, 2025 USD ($)	Sep. 25, 2025 USD ($) volume $ / shares shares	Sep. 08, 2025 USD ($)	Mar. 21, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Oct. 14, 2025 shares	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025 $ / shares	Feb. 11, 2025 $ / shares	Dec. 17, 2024 $ / shares	Oct. 24, 2024 shares	Sep. 15, 2024 shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares															20,009
Exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares													$ 77.07
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)											5 years		5 years	5 years
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000,000.0	$ 21,600,000	$ 17,400,000	$ 3,700,000			$ 2,100,000
Agent fees and other offering costs								$ 826,000	$ 599,000
Change in fair value of warrant liability						$ 600,000
AIR Warrants
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares								0
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)					5 years
Class of warrant or right, exercise amount, average daily trading volume, multiple \| volume					2
Class of warrant or right, exercise amount, average trading price, period (in days)					5 days
Class of warrant or right, beneficially owned to exceed percentage (as percent)					125.00%
Fair value of warrants					$ 1,900,000
Common Class A
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares					37,816					418,465						40,017
Exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares							$ 34.45					$ 67.83		$ 108.53
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)								5 years
September 2025 Convertible Note \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Initial borrowing capacity					$ 1,600,000			$ 1,400,000
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares					4,000,000.0
Default interest derivative			$ 0		$ 0			0
Interest rate (as percent)					8.00%
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 19.92
Exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares					$ 24.99
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)					5 years
Aggregate cost					$ 1,500,000
Agent fees and other offering costs					$ 100,000
Discount percentages					100.00%
Change in fair value of warrant liability					$ 1,400,000
Debt instrument prepayment fee percentage (as percent)					10.00%
Carrying amount								600,000
Unamortized discount								700,000
Long-term debt, due in 2026								1,400,000
Interest recognized on convertible note								500,000
Interest expense								30,000.00
Non-cash amortization of debt discount								$ 500,000
September 2025 Convertible Note \| Convertible Debt \| Common Class A
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares					81,847

Stockholders' Equity - July 2025 Public Offering (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands											3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Sep. 08, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)															20,009
Exercise price (in dollars per share)										$ 77.07
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)							5 years			5 years				5 years
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000	$ 21,600	$ 17,400	$ 3,700				$ 2,100
Offering fees and other expenses payable				$ 300	$ 500			$ 200
Proceeds from exercise of warrants					$ 7,100				$ 1,900		$ 0	$ 2,068
Common stock equivalents, period							45 days			30 days
Change in fair value of warrant liability						$ 600
July 2025 Public Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Aggregate cost							$ 4,000
Offering fees and other expenses payable							600
Proceeds from exercise of warrants							$ 3,400
Pre-Funded Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)							120,834			54,560
Common Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)							158,925			71,367
July 2025 Public Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercised (in shares)							64,826
Change in fair value of warrant liability							$ 400
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)							38,096	60,025		16,807
Offering price for prefunded warrants (in dollars per share)							$ 25.17			$ 70.06
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)					418,465								37,816			40,017
Exercise price (in dollars per share)								$ 34.45	$ 67.83					$ 108.53
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)											5 years
Common Class A \| Pre-Funded Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)							0.00001			0.00001
Common Class A \| Common Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)														44,818
Exercise price (in dollars per share)							$ 25.17			$ 67.83

Loan Payable - May 2025 Loan (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Jul. 01, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares	Jun. 17, 2025 USD ($) day $ / shares shares	May 30, 2025 USD ($) volume tranche payment day $ / shares shares	Jul. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025 shares	Feb. 11, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024 shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares										20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)	5 years							5 years	5 years
Loss on extinguishment of debt					$ 0	$ (58)
Second Tranche Warrants
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares					26,688		26,688
Loans Payable \| Second Tranche Warrants
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)	5 years
Fair value of warrants	$ 400
May Loan Agreement \| Loans Payable
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Initial borrowing capacity			$ 1,500
Debt instrument, number of tranches \| tranche			2
Debt instrument, additional amount			$ 750
Debt instrument, initial principal amount			750
Payment of debt issuance costs			$ 200
Weekly installments \| payment			40
Weekly installments payments			$ 25
Weekly installments payments percentage in cash			10.00%
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 30.35
Debt instrument prepayment fee percentage (as percent)			120.00%
Convertible threshold (as percent)			80.00%
Lowest volume weighted average closing prices \| volume			4
Trading days \| day		20	20
Fair value of warrants as debt issuance costs			$ 600
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)			5 years
Debt instrument, stock price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 22.31
Market capitalization		$ 6,700
Termination fee		$ 100
Installments payments	$ 1,000
Loss on extinguishment of debt				$ 500
May Loan Agreement \| Loans Payable \| J.J. Astor & Co. Warrants
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares			53,386
May Loan Agreement \| Loans Payable \| J.J. Astor & Co. Warrants \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Two
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares			26,688
May Loan Agreement \| Loans Payable \| J.J. Astor & Co. Warrants \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche One
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares			26,688
May Loan Agreement \| Loans Payable \| Second Tranche Warrants
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 20.17
Warrants issued (in shares) \| shares		26,688

Loan Payable - AGP Convertible Promissory Note (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended
	Jun. 17, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Jan. 09, 2026	Jan. 08, 2026	May 13, 2025	Oct. 24, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)						20,009
AGP Convertible Promissory Notes \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Initial borrowing capacity	$ 0.5				$ 1.2
Interest rate (as percent)					4.50%
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share)					$ 29.81
Interest expense		$ 0.3
Decrease in principal	$ 0.7
January 2026 Convertible Note \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share)			$ 10.00	$ 29.8095
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)			50,000

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 23,482	$ 12,806
Restricted cash, current	105	55
Accounts receivable	396	0
Insurance receivable	100	100
Prepaids and other current assets	5,173	9,321
Total current assets	29,256	22,282
Property, machinery and equipment, net	498	953
Intangible assets, net	188	201
Operating right-of-use asset	7,290	7,686
Other non-current assets	8,631	9,197
Total assets	45,863	40,319
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	3,740	4,081
Accrued liabilities	2,244	2,272
Loan payable, current	1,897	3,479
Contract liabilities, current	357	4,058
Operating lease liability, current	726	836
Litigation settlement contingency	2,062	802
Other current liabilities	571	541
Total current liabilities	11,597	16,069
Contract liabilities, non-current	120	120
Warrant liability	3	3
Operating lease liability, non-current	6,978	6,987
Total non-current liabilities	7,101	7,110
Total liabilities	18,698	23,179
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders’ equity:
Series A preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized and 0 issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2026; 20,000,000 shares authorized and 547,408 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	475,223	455,718
Accumulated deficit	(448,058)	(438,578)
Total stockholders’ equity	27,165	17,140
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	45,863	40,319
Common Class A
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, value	0	0
Common Class B
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, value	$ 0	$ 0

Stockholders' Equity - At-The-Market Offering (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands									3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Sep. 19, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000	$ 21,600	$ 17,400	$ 3,700			$ 2,100
Agent fees and other offering costs									$ 826	$ 599
Common Class A
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)						38,096	60,025	16,807
ATM Sales Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate cost					$ 7,400				13,300
Deferred offering costs					$ 50,000
Commission rate percentage					3.00%
Agent fees and other offering costs									400
ATM Sales Agreement \| Common Class A
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate cost									$ 23,100
Number of shares sold (in shares)									2,203,615

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480434/815-10-50-8A

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480738/235-10-S50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 480
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479857/480-10-S50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-3

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(d))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

+ Details

Stockholders' Equity - March 2025 Warrant Inducement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands											3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 24, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Aug. 13, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)										$ 77.07
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000	$ 21,600	$ 17,400	$ 3,700				$ 2,100
Offering fees and other expenses payable				$ 300	$ 500			$ 200
Proceeds from exercise of warrants					$ 7,100				$ 1,900		$ 0	$ 2,068
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)																20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)						5 years				5 years					5 years
March 2025 Warrant Inducement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)									120,049
Class of warrant or right, beneficially owned to exceed percentage (as percent)														4.99%
Inducement Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)									5 years
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)						38,096		60,025		16,807
Exercise price (in dollars per share)								$ 34.45	$ 67.83						$ 108.53
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)					418,465								37,816				40,017
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)											5 years
Issuance of common stock upon cashless exercise of warrants (in shares)							18,544
Number of warrants outstanding (in shares)			41,481
Common Class A \| March 2025 Warrant Inducement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)									$ 35.70

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue from contract with customer, product and service, extensible enumeration	Service [Member]	Service [Member]
Service revenue	$ 3,215	$ 322
Cost of revenue	1,398	0
Gross profit	1,817	322
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses	4,169	1,915
Selling, general and administrative expenses	6,340	4,592
Total operating expenses	10,509	6,507
Loss from operations	(8,692)	(6,185)
Other income (expense), net:
Realized loss on disposal of assets	(326)	0
Interest income	114	4
Interest expense	(586)	156
Gain on debt extinguishment	0	58
Other income (expense)	10	(205)
Total other income (expense), net	(788)	13
Net loss	$ (9,480)	$ (6,172)
Net loss per share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ (2.15)	$ (29.29)
Net loss per share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (2.15)	$ (29.29)
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic (in shares)	4,399,749	210,719
Weighted average shares outstanding, fully diluted (in shares)	4,399,749	210,719

Stockholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Note 9. Stockholders' Equity

Common Stock and Preferred Stock

Effective December 17, 2025, the Company’s stockholders approved a 1-for-17.85 reverse stock split of the Company’s Class A common stock. As a result of the reverse stock split, every 17.85 shares of Class A common

stock issued and outstanding on December 17, 2025, were automatically combined into one share of Class A common stock. Any fractional shares resulting from the reverse stock split were rounded up to the next nearest whole share of Class A common stock.

To effectuate the December 2025 1-for-17.85 reverse stock split, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended. As a result of the reverse stock split, there was no change to par value and the total number of authorized shares of Class A common stock.

Pursuant to the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, the Company is authorized and has available a total of 270,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of (i) 250,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, (ii) zero shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, and (iii) 20,000,000 shares of Series A preferred stock, par value $0.00001 per share.

Each share of Series A preferred stock is non-voting and convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time and from time to time, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, into 0.56 shares of Class A common stock. The Series A preferred stock is senior to the Company’s common stock with respect to dividends and liquidation distributions. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company, holders of Series A preferred stock are entitled to receive, before any payment to common stockholders, the greater of the $20.80 per share of Series A preferred stock or the as-converted value based on conversion into shares of Class A common stock. Holders are entitled to dividends on an as-converted basis, proportionate to any dividends declared on common stock, which are discretionary and non-cumulative. The Series A preferred stock is classified as permanent equity under ASC Topic 480, as it is not mandatorily redeemable and lacks redemption triggers outside of a final liquidation event.

Also on the effective date of the reverse stock split, all options, warrants and other convertible securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to the reverse stock split were adjusted by dividing the number of shares of Class A common stock into which the options, warrants and other convertible securities were exercisable or convertible by 17.85 and multiplying the exercise or conversion price thereof by 17.85, all in accordance with the terms of the plans, agreements or arrangements governing such options, warrants and other convertible securities and subject to rounding to the nearest whole share. Such proportional adjustments were also made to the number of shares and RSUs issued and issuable under the Company’s equity compensation plan.

The Company has retroactively adjusted all periods presented for the effects of the December 2025 1-for-17.85 reverse stock split.

At-The-Market Offering

On September 19, 2025, the Company entered into an At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement with AGP (the “ATM Sales Agreement”). Pursuant to the ATM Sales Agreement, the Company may sell, from time to time, at its option, up to $7.4 million in aggregate principal amount of an indeterminate amount of shares of the Class A common stock through AGP acting as sales agent. If the Company’s public float increases such that it may sell additional amounts under the ATM Sales Agreement and the Registration Statement (as defined below), the Company may file supplements to the prospectus included in the Registration Statement prior to making additional sales.

Any shares of Class A common stock to be offered and sold under the ATM Sales Agreement will be issued and sold (i) by methods deemed to be an “at-the-market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act, or in negotiated transactions, if authorized by the Company, and (ii) pursuant to, and only upon the effectiveness of, a Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed by the Company with the SEC on September 22, 2025 for an offering of up to $50.0 million of various securities, including shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units for sale to the public in one or more public offerings (the “Registration Statement”). Under the ATM Sales Agreement, AGP will be entitled to compensation at a commission rate of up to 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold.

During 2025, the Company filed several prospectus supplements to the Registration Statement increasing the aggregate principal amount. As of December 31, 2025, the aggregate principal amount was $17.4 million. On February 6, 2026, the Company filed a prospectus supplement to the Registration Statement increasing the aggregate principal amount to $21.6 million and, on February 9, 2026, the Company filed another prospectus supplement to

the Registration Statement further increasing the aggregate principal amount to $50.0 million. If the Company is eligible to increase the aggregate principal amount available to be sold under the Registration Statement in the future, the Company may file additional supplemental prospectuses to the Registration Statement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 2,203,615 shares of Class A common stock under the ATM Sales Agreement for gross proceeds of $13.3 million, before deducting estimated issuance costs of $0.4 million. As of March 31, 2026, up to $23.1 million in aggregate principal amount of an indeterminate amount of shares of the Class A common stock may still be sold under the ATM Sales Agreement.

Shares issued in settlement of accounts payable

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company settled $0.1 million of accounts payable with a vendor through the issuance of 5,723 of Class A common stock. The fair value of the shares issued was determined to be $0.1 million based on the closing price of the Class A common stock on the settlement dates and no gain or loss on extinguishment was recognized as fair value was equal to the carrying amount of the liability settled.

January 2026 Securities Purchase Agreement

On January 5, 2026, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with an investor, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold to an investor in a private placement transaction (the “January 2026 Offering”), (i) pre-funded warrants (the “January 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase 925,926 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and (ii) warrants to purchase 925,926 shares of Class A common stock (the “January 2026 Warrants”).

The January 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and are exercisable any time after issuance, and will not expire until exercised. The January 2026 Warrants have an exercise price per share of Class A common stock equal to $5.40 per share and expire February 6, 2031. The January 2026 Offering closed on January 6, 2026.

The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the January 2026 Offering of approximately $5.0 million, before deducting estimated placement agent commissions and expenses of $0.4 million. Net proceeds of $4.6 million from the January 2026 Offering was recorded to additional paid-in-capital. Both the January 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants and the January 2026 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification.

In connection with the January 2026 Offering, the Company entered into a Placement Agency Agreement with the agency which assisted with the transaction. The Company paid a cash placement agent commission equal to 7.0% of gross proceeds from the January 2026 Offering and issued warrants (the “January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase 46,296 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $5.94, exercisable beginning 180 days after the commencement of sales in the offering and expiring January 6, 2031. The $0.3 million fair value of the January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants was accounted for as an additional equity issuance cost for the January 2026 Offering, which was recorded to additional paid-in-capital.

The Company estimated the fair value of the January 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants based on the fair value of the Company’s Class A common stock from the issuance date, less the $0.00001 exercise price. The Company estimated the fair value of the January 2026 Warrants and the January 2026 Placement Agent using the BSM option

pricing model. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model at the initial recognition date are as follows:


	January 2026 Warrants			January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.08			5.00
Stock price	$	9.83		$	9.83
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	—		%	—		%

In connection with the January 2026 Offering, the Company agreed to amend each of the October 2025 Warrants and the December 2025 Warrants (see the discussions of the December 2025 Warrant Inducement and the October 2025 Warrant Inducement, respectively, below) to purchase up to an aggregate of 827,042 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $13.74 per share (the “January 2026 Modified Warrants”). Prior to amendment, the January 2026 Modified Warrants had a termination date of December 9, 2030. The January 2026 Modified Warrants were amended to have a reduced exercise price of $5.40 per share and a termination date of February 6, 2031.

The Company estimated the fair value of the January 2026 Modified Warrants immediately before and after modification using the BSM option pricing model and determined an incremental increase in fair value of approximately $1.1 million. In accordance with ASC Topic 815 guidance on equity classified warrant modifications, the incremental change in fair value of the January 2026 Modified Warrants was accounted for as an additional equity issuance cost for the January 2026 Offering, which was recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Post-modification
	October 2025 Warrants			December 2025 Warrants			January 2026 Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	5.09			5.09			5.09
Stock price	$	8.82		$	8.82		$	8.82
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.72		%	3.72		%	3.72		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%	0.00		%

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 925,926 shares of Class A common stock as a result of the exercise of the January 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants.

December 2025 Warrant Inducement

On December 9, 2025, the Company entered into a warrant inducement agreement (the “December 2025 Warrant Inducement”) with an investor who was holding the August 2025 Warrants (see discussion of the August 2025 Warrant Inducement below). Pursuant to the December 2025 Warrant Inducement, on December 9, 2025, the investor agreed to exercise for cash all 272,385 of the August 2025 Warrants at an exercise price of $13.74 per share. The investor paid gross proceeds of $3.7 million, before deducting offering fees and other expenses of $0.3 million payable by the Company. Prior to entering into the December 2025 Warrant Inducement, the August 2025 Warrants were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $19.81 per share. Net proceeds of $3.4 million from the exercise of the August 2025 Warrants was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

The Company determined the fair value of the August 2025 Warrants immediately before and after modification by using a BSM option pricing model and the inducement exercise price of $13.74 per share, respectively, and determined an incremental increase in fair value of approximately $1.5 million. In accordance with ASC Topic 815 guidance on equity classified warrant modifications, the incremental change in fair value of the August 2025

Warrants was accounted for as an additional equity issuance cost for the December 2025 Warrant Inducement, which was recorded to additional paid-in capital. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before modification date are as follows:


Expected term (years)	4.77
Stock price	$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company agreed to issue new warrants to purchase up to 408,576 shares of Class A common stock, with an exercise price of $13.74 per share (the “December 2025 Warrants”), in consideration of the investor’s agreement to exercise the August 2025 Warrants. The December 2025 Warrants were exercisable immediately after issuance and expire five years from the date of issuance. The December 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification. The Company determined the fair value of the December 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.15
Stock price	$	16.96
Volatility	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.73		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company may not effect the exercise of certain December 2025 Warrants, and the investor will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any such December 2025 Warrant, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock beneficially owned by the investor of such December 2025 Warrants (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% of the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of such December 2025 Warrants.

In connection with the December 2025 Warrant Inducement, the Company also agreed to amend the October 2025 Warrants (see discussion of the October 2025 Warrant Inducement below) to purchase up to an aggregate of 418,465 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $25.53 per share. Prior to amendment, the October 2025 Warrants had a termination date of October 15, 2030. The October 2025 Warrants were amended on December 9, 2025, to have a reduced exercise price of $13.74 per share and will expire five years from the date of stockholder approval.

The Company estimated the fair value of the October 2025 Warrants immediately before and after modification using the BSM option pricing model and determined an incremental increase in fair value of approximately $0.6 million. In accordance with ASC Topic 815 guidance on equity classified warrant modifications, the incremental change in fair value of the October 2025 Warrants was accounted for as an additional equity issuance cost for the December 2025 Warrant Inducement, which was recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification			Post-modification
Expected term (years)	5.16			5.16
Stock price	$	13.57		$	13.57
Volatility	82.50		%	82.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.79		%	3.79		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

October 2025 Warrant Inducement Agreement

On October 14, 2025, the Company entered into a warrant inducement agreement (the “October 2025 Warrant Inducement”) with an investor who was holding the March 2025 Warrants (see discussion of the March 2025

Warrant Inducement below) and the July 2025 Warrants (see discussion of the July 2025 Offering below). Pursuant to the October 2025 Warrant Inducement, on October 14, 2025, the investor agreed to exercise for cash (i) 120,049 of the March 2025 Warrants at an exercise price of $25.53 per share and (ii) 158,925 of the July 2025 Warrants at an exercise price of $25.17 per share. The investor paid gross proceeds of $7.1 million, before deducting offering fees and other expenses of $0.5 million payable by the Company. Prior to entering into the October 2025 Warrant Inducement, the March 2025 Warrants and July 2025 Warrants were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $35.70 per share and $25.17 per share, respectively. Net proceeds of $6.6 million from the exercise of the March 2025 Warrants and the July 2025 Warrants was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

The Company determined the fair value of the March 2025 Warrants and the July 2025 Warrants immediately before modification by using a BSM option pricing model and immediately after modification by using the inducement exercise prices of $25.53 per share and $25.17 per share, respectively. The Company determined an incremental aggregate increase in fair value of approximately $1.3 million. In accordance with ASC Topic 815 guidance on equity classified warrant modifications, the incremental change in fair value of the March 2025 Warrants and the July 2025 Warrants was accounted for as an additional equity issuance cost for the October 2025 Warrant Inducement, which was recorded to additional paid-in capital. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	March 2025 Warrants			July 2025 Warrants
Expected term (years)	4.44			4.71
Stock price	$	30.52		$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.56		%	3.58		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00		%

The Company agreed to issue new warrants to purchase up to 418,465 shares of Class A common stock, with an exercise price of $25.53 per share (the “October 2025 Warrants”), in consideration of the investor’s agreement to exercise the March 2025 Warrants and July 2025 Warrants. The October 2025 Warrants are exercisable immediately after stockholder approval and will expire five years from the date of stockholder approval. The October 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification. The Company determined the fair value of the October 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Expected term (years)	5.31
Stock price	$	30.52
Volatility	85.00		%
Risk-free rate	3.63		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company may not effect the exercise of certain October 2025 Warrants, and the investor will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any such October 2025 Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock beneficially owned by the investor of such October 2025 Warrants (together with its affiliates) to exceed 9.99% of the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of such October 2025 Warrants.

Baker & McKenzie LLP Settlement

On September 30, 2025, the Company entered into a General Release and Settlement Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with Baker & McKenzie LLP (“B&M”) to settle an obligation of $1.1 million owed by the Company to B&M.

Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the Company agreed to (i) pay B&M $0.1 million in cash and (ii) enter into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “B&M SPA”) to issue to B&M 32,527 Class A common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase 19,210 shares of Class A common stock (the “B&M Pre-funded Warrants”). The B&M Pre‑funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and are exercisable any time after the issuance,

and will not expire until exercised. The Company evaluated the issuance of the B&M Pre-funded Warrants under ASC Topic 718 and determined that they are equity classified and should be measured at their grant-date fair value, with the related expense recognized immediately upon issuance, as the underlying services were fully rendered prior to grant. The fair value of the shares and B&M Pre-funded Warrants issued was determined to be $1.2 million, based on the closing price of the Class A common stock on the settlement date, resulting in $0.1 million of additional expense recognized for the difference between the fair value shares and pre-funded warrants and the carrying amount of the liability settled.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 19,210 shares of Class A common stock as a result of all of the B&M Pre-funded Warrants being exercised.

September 2025 Equity Line of Credit

As part of the September 2025 Private Placement, on September 25, 2025, the Company entered into an equity purchase agreement (the “ELOC”) with an investor and a registration rights agreement, pursuant to which the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to direct the investor to purchase up to $50.0 million in shares of Class A common stock, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the ELOC, including the requirement that the trading price of the Class A common stock as listed on Nasdaq is at or above 106% of the purchase price, with a purchase price of $22.13 per share to be paid by the investor. The Company will control the timing and amount of any sale of shares pursuant to the ELOC.

The term of the ELOC began on September 25, 2025, and will end on the earlier of (i) the date on which the investor shall have purchased shares of Class A common stock equal to $50.0 million, (ii) 36 months from September 30, 2025, the date the Registration Statement on Form S-3 was declared effective, (iii) written notice of termination by the Company to the investor (which shall not occur at any time that the investor holds any of the shares of Class A common stock purchased under the ELOC, or within 30 days of the sale to the investor of shares of Class A common stock pursuant to the ELOC), or (iv) written notice of termination by the investor to the Company. The ELOC represents a forward contract for the sale of Class A common stock and the Company will record sales of the Class A common stock under the ELOC as they occur.

In consideration for the investor’s execution and delivery of, and performance under, the ELOC, the Company issued prefunded warrants to purchase 37,816 shares of Class A common stock (the “ELOC Pre-funded Warrants”). The ELOC Pre-funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and are exercisable any time after issuance, and will not expire until exercised. Unless the ELOC is terminated by January 26, 2026, the number of exercisable prefunded warrants will increase to 42,017 shares. The ELOC Pre-funded Warrants are liability classified. The ELOC Pre-funded Warrants were initially measured at a fair value of $0.8 million on the issuance date, based on the closing price of the Class A common stock on the issuance date, with a corresponding allocation from the proceeds of the September 2025 Private Placement (see Note 8).

The ELOC Pre-funded Warrants liability was recorded at fair value and marked-to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. On November 21, 2025, the Company issued 37,816 shares of Class A common stock as a result of all of the ELOC Pre-funded Warrants being exercised.

On December 23, 2025, the Company entered into a First Amendment to the ELOC (the “ELOC Amendment”) with the investor. The ELOC Amendment modified the purchase price mechanism for shares issuable upon delivery of a put notice from a fixed price of $1.24 per share to a variable price equal to 94% of the lowest trading price of the Class A common stock reported during the three consecutive trading days commencing on the date the applicable put notice is delivered. As of March 31, 2026, no shares have been sold under the ELOC.

The number of shares under the ELOC Pre-funded Warrants increased by 4,202 as the ELOC was not terminated on January 26, 2026. The Company issued 4,202 shares of Class A common stock as a result of these additional ELOC Pre-funded Warrants being exercised in January 2026.

August 2025 Warrant Inducement

On August 13, 2025, the Company entered into a warrant inducement agreement (the “August 2025 Warrant Inducement”) with an investor who was holding the February 2025 Warrants (see discussion of the February 2025 Offering below) and the Investor Modified Warrants (see discussion of the July 2025 Offering below). Pursuant to the August 2025 Warrant Inducement, on August 13, 2025, the investor agreed to exercise for cash (i) 71,367 of the

February 2025 Warrants at an exercise price of $19.81 per share and (ii) 64,826 of the remaining Investor Modified Warrants at an exercise price of $19.81 per share. The investor paid gross proceeds of $2.7 million, before deducting offering fees and other expenses of $0.3 million payable by the Company. Prior to entering into the August 2025 Warrant Inducement, the February 2025 Warrants and Investor were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $67.83 per share and $25.17 per share, respectively. Net proceeds of $2.4 million from the exercise of the February 2025 Warrants and the Investor Modified Warrants was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

The Company determined the fair value of the February 2025 Warrants and the Investor Modified Warrants immediately before modification by using a BSM option pricing model and immediately after modification by using the inducement exercise price of $19.81 per share. The Company determined there was a decrease in the fair value of the February 2025 Warrants and the Investor Modified Warrants. In accordance with ASC Topic 815 guidance on equity classified warrant modifications, a decrease in fair value is not recognized. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model immediately before the modification date are as follows:


	February 2025 Warrants			Investor Modified Warrants
Warrant term (years)	4.49			4.35			-	4.70
Stock price	$	34.09		$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%	87.50					%
Risk-free rate	3.74		%	3.73		%	-	3.75%
Dividend yield	0.00		%	0.00					%

The Company agreed to issue new warrants to purchase up to 272,385 shares of Class A common stock, with an exercise price of $19.81 per share (the “August 2025 Warrants”), in consideration of the investor’s agreement to exercise the February 2025 Warrants and the Investor Modified Warrants. The August 2025 Warrants were exercisable immediately after issuance and expire five years from the date of issuance. The August 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification. The Company determined the fair value of the August 2025 Warrants at issuance by using a BSM option pricing model, with the following assumptions:


Warrant term (years)	5.09
Stock price	$	34.09
Volatility	87.50		%
Risk-free rate	3.78		%
Dividend yield	0.00		%

The Company may not effect the exercise of certain August 2025 Warrants, and the investor will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any such August 2025 Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock beneficially owned by the investor of such August 2025 Warrants (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% of the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of such August 2025 Warrants.

July 2025 Public Offering

On July 01, 2025, the Company consummated a “best efforts” public offering (the “July 2025 Offering”) of an aggregate of (i) 38,096 shares of Class A common stock at a purchase price of $25.17 per share, (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “July 2025 Pre-funded Warrants”) to purchase 120,834 shares of Class A common stock, and (iii) warrants to purchase 158,925 shares of Class A common stock (the “July 2025 Warrants”).

The purchase price of each July 2025 Pre-funded Warrant was equal to the price per share of Class A common stock being sold in the July 2025 Offering minus $0.00001. The July 2025 Pre-funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and are exercisable any time after the issuance, and will not expire until exercised. The July 2025 Warrants have an exercise price per share of Class A common stock equal to $25.17 per share and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The July 2025 Offering closed on July 01, 2025. Both the July 2025 Pre-funded Warrants and the July 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification.

The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the July 2025 Offering of approximately $4.0 million, before deducting issuance costs of $0.6 million. Net proceeds of $3.4 million from the July 2025 Offering was recorded to additional paid-in-capital.

In connection with the July 2025 Offering, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with a single institutional investor, pursuant to which the Company agreed not to effect or enter into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of shares of common stock or common stock equivalents for a period of 45 days and will not effect or enter into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of shares of common stock or common stock equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a variable rate transaction for a period of 3 months after July 1, 2025, subject to certain exceptions.

The Company estimated the fair value of the July 2025 Pre-funded Warrants based on the fair value of the Company’s Class A common stock from the issuance date, less the $0.00001 exercise price.

Also in connection with the July 2025 Offering, the Company agreed to amend the remaining Investor Modified Warrants still outstanding (see discussion of the March 2025 Warrant Inducement below) to purchase up to an aggregate of 64,826 shares of Class A common stock. Prior to amendment, the Investor Modified Warrants had an exercise price of $67.83 per share and a termination date of February 11, 2030. Upon amendment, each of the Investor Modified Warrants had a reduced exercise price of $25.17 per share and a termination date of July 1, 2030.

The Company estimated the fair value of the Investor Modified Warrants immediately before and after modification using the BSM option pricing model and determined an incremental increase in fair value of approximately $0.4 million. In accordance with ASC Topic 815 guidance on equity classified warrant modifications, the incremental change in fair value of the Investor Modified Warrants was accounted for as an additional equity issuance cost for the July 2025 Offering, which was recorded to additional paid-in-capital. The significant inputs into the BSM option pricing model before and after the modification date are as follows:


	Pre-modification						Pre-modification
Warrant term (years)	4.47			-	4.82		4.47			-	4.82
Stock price	$	21.78					$	21.78
Volatility	90.00					%	90.00					%
Risk-free rate	3.76		%	-	3.78%		3.76		%	-	3.78%
Dividend yield	0.00					%	0.00					%

Subsequent to the July 2025 Offering, during 2025, the Company issued 120,834 shares of Class A common stock as a result of all of the July 2025 Pre-funded Warrants being exercised.

Master Services Agreement with Velo3D, Inc.

On April 12, 2025, the Company entered into a Master Services Agreement (the “MSA”) with Velo3D, Inc. (“VLD”), a provider of additive manufacturing solutions, also referred to as 3D printing, pursuant to which VLD will provide services to design and produce components and systems that will be utilized by the Company or its customers in its spacecraft, systems, and components. The MSA has a term of five years and provides the Company with priority access to manufacturing capacity equivalent to approximately $3,000,000 annually, corresponding to the output of two Sapphire XC 3D metal printers or comparable equipment. If the Company does not fully utilize this capacity in a given year, it may receive credits equal to 20% of the unused value (net of service fees paid) in the first year and 50% thereafter. The Company has an option to purchase the equipment after the second anniversary of the MSA at 70% of its amortized value.

In exchange for the services, the Company issued an aggregate of 26,749 shares of Class A common stock and 673,408 shares of Series A preferred stock. The grant-date fair value of the equity issued was determined to be $10.7 million, based upon the enterprise value of the company on the date of the transaction and considering the quoted market price of the Class A common stock on the issuance date for the common shares issued and, for the Series A preferred stock, an as-converted basis using the same closing price adjusted for its conversion ratio and features. A Discount for Lack of Marketability (“DLOM”) was applied to the aggregate valuation. This discount was determined based on certain assumptions, including a volatility rate of 45.0% per year and a length of holding period restriction of 0.5 years. The Company evaluated the issuance of these shares under ASC Topic 718 and determined

that shares were equity classified and, at contract inception, there was no recognition required related to the MSA as no goods or services had been delivered.

The credit provision related to unused capacity was determined to be an embedded derivative under ASC Topic 815 (the “Credit Provision Derivative”). The Credit Provision Derivative was bifurcated from the contract and is recorded at fair value and marked-to-market each reporting period with changes in fair value being reflected in earnings. As of the inception date, the Credit Provision Derivative was valued at zero.

On August 14, 2025, the Company irrevocably waived its right under the MSA to cancel shares of the Company’s capital stock held by VLD upon expiration or termination of the MSA (the “VLD Amendment”). The shares of Series A preferred stock held by VLD are fully vested and non-forfeitable. This amendment was accounted for as a Type I Modification under ASC Topic 718 and the Company recognized the grant-date fair value of $10.7 million immediately as a prepaid asset. Of the $10.7 million recognized on August 14, 2025, $2.1 million was recorded within prepaids and other current assets and $8.6 million was recorded within other non-current assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As only term that changed as a result of the VLD Amendment was related to vesting, there was no change in fair value of the equity issued as a result of the amendment and no incremental fair value recognized. The prepaid asset will be amortized to expense over the 5 year period of the MSA as services are provided to the Company.

On October 17, 2025, VLD converted 126,000 shares of the Company’s Series A preferred stock into 70,588 shares of Class A common stock.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company only received $0.1 million out of the $3.0 million annual prepayment of services from VLD. The Company determined that $1.7 million of the prepaid services would not be utilized in the first annual period of the MSA and were thus not recoverable as of December 31, 2025. In relation to this underutilization of prepaid services, $0.2 million of other income was recognized for an increase in the fair value of the Credit Provision Derivative. The Credit Provision Derivative asset is recorded in prepaids and other current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

On February 9, 2026, VLD converted 547,408 shares of the Company’s Series A preferred stock into 306,672 shares of Class A common stock. As a result of the conversion, there are no shares of the Company’s Series A preferred stock outstanding.

March 2025 Warrant Inducement

On March 20, 2025, the Company entered into a warrant inducement agreement (the “March 2025 Warrant Inducement”) with an investor who was holding the Investor Modified Warrants (see discussion of the February 2025 Offering below). Pursuant to the March 2025 Warrant Inducement, on March 21, 2025, the investor agreed to exercise for cash 60,025 of the Investor Modified Warrants at an exercise price of $34.45 per share. The investor paid gross proceeds of $2.1 million, before deducting offering fees and other expenses of $0.2 million payable by the Company. Prior to entering into the March 2025 Warrant Inducement, the Investor Modified Warrants were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $67.83 per share. Net proceeds of $1.9 million from the exercise of the Investor Modified Warrants was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

The Company agreed to issue new warrants to purchase up to 120,049 shares of Class A common stock, with an exercise price of $35.70 per share (the “March 2025 Warrants”), in consideration of the investor’s agreement to exercise the Investor Modified Warrants. The March 2025 Warrants were exercisable immediately after issuance and expire five years from the date of issuance. The March 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification.

The Company may not effect the exercise of certain March 2025 Warrants, and the investor will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any such March 2025 Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock beneficially owned by the investor of such March 2025 Warrants (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% of the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of such March 2025 Warrants.

On March 24, 2025, only 18,544 shares of Class A common stock were delivered to the investor due to beneficial ownership limitations upon the exercise of the Investor Modified Warrants. The remaining 41,481 shares were subsequently delivered to the investor during the year ended December 31, 2025.

February 2025 Public Offering

On February 11, 2025, the Company consummated a “best efforts” public offering (the “February 2025 Offering”) of an aggregate of (i) 16,807 shares of Class A common stock at a purchase price of $70.06 per share, (ii) pre‑funded warrants (the “February 2025 Pre-funded Warrants”) to purchase 54,560 shares of Class A common stock, and (iii) warrants to purchase 71,367 shares of Class A common stock (the “February 2025 Warrants”).

The purchase price of each February 2025 Pre-funded Warrant was equal to the price per share of Class A common stock being sold in the February 2025 Offering minus $0.00001. The February 2025 Pre-funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and are exercisable any time after the issuance, and will not expire until exercised. The February 2025 Warrants have an exercise price per share of Class A common stock equal to $67.83 and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The February 2025 Offering closed on February 11, 2025. Both the February 2025 Pre-funded Warrants and the February 2025 Warrants meet the requirements for equity classification.

The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the February 2025 Offering of approximately $5.0 million, before deducting estimated issuance costs of $0.6 million. Net proceeds of $4.4 million from the February 2025 Offering was recorded to additional paid-in-capital.

In connection with the February 2025 Offering, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with a single institutional investor, pursuant to which the Company agreed not to effect or enter into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of shares of common stock or common stock equivalents for a period of 30 days and would not effect or enter into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of shares of common stock or common stock equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a variable rate transaction for a period of 6 months after February 11, 2025, subject to certain exceptions.

Also in connection with the February 2025 Offering, the Company entered into a Placement Agency Agreement on February 11, 2025, with the agency that assisted with the February 2025 Offering. The Company paid a cash placement agent commission equal to 7.0% of gross proceeds from the February 2025 Offering and issued warrants (the “February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase 3,569 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $77.07, exercisable immediately upon issuance. The February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants will expire five years from the date of issuance.

The Company estimated the fair value of the February 2025 Pre-funded Warrants based on the fair value of the Company’s Class A common stock from the issuance date, less the $0.00001 exercise price.

Additionally, in connection with the February 2025 Offering, the Company agreed to amend the September 2024 Class A Warrants, September 2024 Class B Warrants (see discussion of the September 2024 Offering below), December 2024 Warrants (see discussion of the December 2024 Offering below), and Investor Warrants (collectively, the “Investor Modified Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 40,017, 20,009, 44,818, and 20,009 shares of Class A common stock, respectively. Prior to amendment, the September 2024 Class A Warrants, September 2024 Class B Warrants, and Investor Warrants had an exercise price of $143.69 per share and the December 2024 Warrants had an exercise price of $108.53 per share. The September 2024 Class A Warrants, September 2024 Class B Warrants, December 2024 Warrants, and Investor Warrants had termination dates of March 17, 2030, March 17, 2026, December 18, 2029, and April 24, 2030, respectively. Upon amendment, each of the Investor Modified Warrants had a reduced exercise price of $67.83 per share and a termination date of February 11, 2030.

Subsequent to the February 2025 Offering, during the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company issued 54,560 shares of Class A common stock as a result of all of the February 2025 Pre-funded Warrants being exercised.

Warrants

The Company’s outstanding stock purchases warrants are summarized as follows:


Tranche	Exercise Price		Expiration Date	March 31, 2026	December 31, 2025
Private Warrants	$	143,693.00	08/12/26	903	903
Public Warrants	$	143,693.00	08/12/26	691	691
September 2024 Placement Agent Warrants	$	158.06	09/17/29	2,002	2,002
October 2024 SIV Warrants	$	19.81	04/24/30	15,124	15,124
December 2024 SIV Warrants	$	19.81	04/24/30	10,828	10,828
December 2024 Placement Agent Warrants	$	121.74	12/18/29	2,241	2,241
December 2024 Wolverine Warrants (1)	$	3.80	12/13/29	1,597	1,597
February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants	$	77.07	02/11/30	3,569	3,569
Initial Tranche Warrants (1)	$	3.80	06/18/30	26,688	26,688
Second Tranche Warrants (1)	$	3.80	06/18/30	26,688	26,688
September 2025 SIV Warrants	$	19.81	09/13/30	112,045	112,045
September 2025 Warrants	$	24.99	09/25/30	81,847	81,847
October 2025 Warrants (2)	$	13.74	12/09/30	—	418,465
December 2025 Warrants (2)	$	13.74	12/09/30	—	408,576
December 2025 SIV Warrants	$	14.10	12/05/30	13,446	13,446
January 2026 Warrants	$	5.40	02/06/31	925,926	—
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants	$	5.94	01/06/31	46,296	—
January 2026 Modified Warrants (2)	$	5.40	02/06/31	827,042	—

All of the Company’s outstanding warrants are classified as equity, other than the Private Warrants which are classified as derivative liabilities under ASC Topic 815.

Contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares

In August 2021, the Company modified the terms of 116 shares of Class A common stock (the “Sponsor Earnout Shares”), such that all such shares will be forfeited if the share price of Class A common stock does not reach a volume-weighted average closing sale price of $156,188, two thirds of such shares will be forfeited if the share price of Class A common stock does not reach a volume-weighted average closing sale price of $187,425, and one third of such shares will be forfeited if the share price of Class A common stock does not reach a volume-weighted average closing sale price of $218,663, in each case, prior to the August 12, 2026. The Sponsor Earnout Shares may not be transferred without the Company’s consent until the shares vest.

The Sponsor Earnout Shares are recorded within equity. Due to the contingently forfeitable nature of the shares, the Sponsor Earnout Shares are excluded from basic EPS calculations but are considered potentially dilutive shares for the purposes of diluted EPS (refer to Note 11).

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480434/815-10-50-8A

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-6

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-6

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/505/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 16
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-16

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

+ Details

Stock-based Compensation - Schedule of Options Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Total Options
Beginning balance (in shares) \| shares	2,424
Granted (in shares) \| shares	0
Forfeitures (in shares) \| shares	0
Ending balance (in shares) \| shares	2,424
Total options exercisable (in shares) \| shares	1,976
Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share
Options outstanding, weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 632.86
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Forfeitures (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Options outstanding, weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	632.86
Options exercisable, weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 772.10
Stock Options Additional Disclosures
Options outstanding, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years)	9 years 1 month 6 days
Options exercisable, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years)	9 years
Options outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 0
Options exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 0
Vested and Expected to Vest
Total options vested and expected to vest (in shares) \| shares	2,424
Options vested and expected to vest, weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 632.86
Options vested and expected to vest, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years)	9 years 1 month 6 days
Options vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 0

Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Apr. 06, 2026	Mar. 05, 2026	May 29, 2024	Apr. 30, 2026	Mar. 31, 2026
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Damages sought			$ 1.2
Judgment amount			$ 0.1
Asset retirement obligation					$ 0.5
Construction proposal amount					1.4
Accrued loss contingencies					2.0
Khasis Claim
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued loss contingencies					0.4
ANV Claim
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued loss contingencies					1.3
Sublease Complaint
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued loss contingencies					0.3
Minimum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Lease restoration costs					0.7
Maximum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Lease restoration costs					$ 0.8
Subsequent Event
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Judgment amount				$ 1.0
Founder Litigation
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Legal expenses		$ 1.2
Founder Litigation \| Subsequent Event
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Amount of claim settled	$ 0.4

Accrued Liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Accrued Liabilities

Note 7. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026		December 31, 2025
Legal and other professional services	$	1,524	$	1,232
Compensation expense	76		99
Research and development projects	205		119


Other accrued liabilities	439		822
Total	$	2,244	$	2,272

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Mar. 31, 2026
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Note 16. Subsequent Events April 2026 Securities Purchase Agreement On April 14, 2026, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement for a private placement of securities. The private placement closed on April 15, 2026, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $5.0 million, before deducting placement agent commissions and offering expenses. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company issued (i) 450,000 shares of Class A common stock at a purchase price of $3.75 per share and (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase an aggregate of 883,334 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $0.00001 per share (exercisable immediately and with no expiration date until fully exercised). The securities were sold without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 506(b) thereunder. The Company also issued placement agent warrants to AGP to purchase 66,666 shares of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $4.13 per share, exercisable beginning 180 days after the commencement of sales in the offering. The warrants include beneficial ownership limitations (9.99% of outstanding Class A common stock or voting power) and are subject to standard adjustments for stock splits, dividends, and similar events. The Company is obligated to file a resale registration statement covering the shares of Class A common stock and the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants within specified timeframes. Conversion of Convertible Notes On April 17, 2026, all amounts outstanding under its September 2025 Convertible Note and the October 2024 Convertible Note were converted into shares of Class A common stock. In connection therewith, the AIR Warrants associated with the September 2025 Convertible Note were terminated. As a result, the Company has no remaining outstanding convertible indebtedness. At-The-Market Offering During May of 2026, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,170,000 shares of Class A common stock under the ATM Sales Agreement for gross proceeds of $10.5 million, before deducting estimated issuance costs of $0.3 million. Up to $12.7 million in aggregate principal amount of an indeterminate amount of shares of the Class A common stock may still be sold under the ATM Sales Agreement.

Nature of Operations (Details) $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
Nature of Operations (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 17, 2025	Dec. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) mission satellite	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Mar. 30, 2026 payload
Schedule of Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Number of spacecraft missions \| mission			5
Number of customer satellites deployed in orbit \| satellite			17
Number of spacecraft missions in orbit \| mission			4
Number of payloads \| payload					10
Net cash provided by financing activities			$ 16,726	$ 6,001
Proceeds from issuance of common stock			18,335	$ 5,000
Common Class A
Schedule of Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Net cash provided by financing activities			16,700
Proceeds from issuance of private placement			$ 5,000
Stock split ratio	0.0560	0.0560

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Antidilutive Shares

The following table summarizes potential common shares that were excluded as their effect is anti-dilutive:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2026	2025

Options and unvested stock units outstanding		129,067	252
Warrants outstanding		2,096,933	228,369
Convertible promissory notes		133,269	60,672
Contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares		116	116
Total		2,359,385	289,409

Stock-based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Units Activity (Details) - RSUs & RSAs	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026 $ / shares shares
Shares
Balance at the beginning of the period (in shares) \| shares	42,604
Granted (in shares) \| shares	84,211
Released (in shares) \| shares	(73)
Forfeited (in shares) \| shares	(99)
Balance at the end of the period (in shares) \| shares	126,643
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (i.e. Share Price)
Balance at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 68.29
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	4.50
Released (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	10,160.64
Forfeited (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	21.96
Balance at the end of the period (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 20.09

Stockholders' Equity - January 2026 Securities Purchase Agreement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands										3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Jan. 05, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Sep. 08, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)									$ 77.07
Aggregate cost	$ 50,000	$ 21,600		$ 17,400	$ 3,700			$ 2,100
Agent fees and other offering costs										$ 826	$ 599
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)																20,009
Change in fair value of warrant liability						$ 600
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)							38,096	60,025	16,807
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)				$ 0.00001						$ 0.00001					$ 0.00001
Exercise price (in dollars per share)								$ 34.45						$ 67.83	$ 108.53
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)												418,465	37,816				40,017
January Pre-Funded Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Aggregate cost			$ 5,000
Agent fees and other offering costs			400
Proceeds from issuance of warrants			$ 4,600
January Pre-Funded Warrants \| Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)			925,926
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)			$ 0.00001
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			5.40
Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 5.94
Class of warrant or right, gross proceeds and issued warrants percentage (as percent)			7.00%
Period until shares become exercisable			180 days
Fair value of warrants			$ 300
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)									3,569
Placement Agent Warrants \| Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)			46,296
January 2026 Modified Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 5.40							$ 5.40
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)				0						827,042
Change in fair value of warrant liability										$ 1,100
January 2026 Modified Warrants \| Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)			827,042
December 2025 Warrant Inducement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)					272,385
Exercise price (in dollars per share)					$ 13.74
Change in fair value of warrant liability					$ 1,500

Income Taxes (Details)	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details)	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective tax rate	0.00%	0.00%

Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets

Note 5. Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of March 31, 2026:


(in thousands)	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Value		Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period (In Years)
Patents/Intellectual Property	$	463	$	(275)	$	188	4.1

Total	$	463	$	(275)	$	188

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of December 31, 2025:


(in thousands)	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Value		Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period (In Years)
Patents/Intellectual Property	$	463	$	(262)	$	201	4.3

Total	$	463	$	(262)	$	201

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $0.01 million and $0.01 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

As of March 31, 2026, the future estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2026	$	39
2027	52
2028	44
2029	31
2030	12
Thereafter	10
Total	$	188

Nature of Operations	3 Months Ended
Nature of Operations	Mar. 31, 2026
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Nature of Operations	Note 1. Nature of Operations The Company Momentus Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries “Momentus” or the “Company”) is a U.S. commercial space company that offers satellites, satellite buses, satellite technologies and components, and space infrastructure services, including in-space transportation, hosted payloads and in-orbit services. Momentus has launched five missions to date, deployed 17 customer satellites, and provided hosted payload services. Four of these missions involved operation of the Vigoride Orbital Service Vehicle (“OSV”) in orbit. During these four Vigoride missions, the system and technology were tested repeatedly. Improvements based on lessons learned during these missions were rapidly incorporated. As a result of these four missions, the Vigoride OSV has been successfully demonstrated in space and accumulated significant flight heritage. The Company launched its latest OSV, Vigoride 7, on March 30, 2026 to low Earth orbit (“LEO”) with 10 payloads During this mission, which is expected to last several months, the Company is scheduled to provide hosted payload services to a range of U.S. Government customers with payloads aboard, including the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (“DARPA”), SpaceWERX, which is the innovation organization of the U.S. Space Force, the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (“NASA”), as well as commercial customers. In addition to the Vigoride OSV, Momentus is also offering its M-1000 satellite bus which has substantial commonality with Vigoride. With a growing demand for satellite bus services, Momentus is positioned to advance its hardware and flight-proven technology for this market. The M-1000 bus is a flexible option to meet various mission requirements. Innovations to improve sensor capability, maneuverability, increased power, and lower costs are integrated into the product. Momentus believes it can manufacture satellite buses like the M-1000 at a rapid and scalable pace. Capital Resources and Recent Financing Transactions During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company received Net cash provided by financing activities of approximately $16.7 million primarily from sales of Class A common stock. Since March 31, 2026, the Company also completed a private placement of securities for gross proceeds of $5.0 million and certain convertible notes were fully converted into shares of Class A common stock. See Notes 9 and 16 for additional details. These proceeds, combined with service revenue received during the quarter ended March 31, 2026, have improved the liquidity and financial position of the Company over December 31, 2025. The Company also raised approximately $10.5 million from sales of Class A common stock in May 2026. In prior periods, the Company disclosed that conditions and events raised substantial doubt regarding its ability to continue as a going concern. Management believes that, as a result of the financings and related transactions completed since December 31, 2025, substantial doubt no longer exists. Based on the Company’s current cash position, expected operating plan and forecasted liquidity needs, management has concluded that the Company has sufficient resources to fund operations and meet its obligations for at least the twelve-month period following the issuance date of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements. The accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue in operation one year after the date these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are issued and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The Company’s forecasts and operating plans are subject to risks and uncertainties as discussed above under Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements, and actual results could differ from management’s expectations. Reverse Stock Splits Effective December 17, 2025, the Company’s stockholders approved a 1-for-17.85 reverse stock split of the Company’s Class A common stock. As a result of the reverse stock split, every 17.85 shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding on December 17, 2025, were automatically combined into one share of Class A common stock. Any fractional shares resulting from the reverse stock split were rounded up to the next nearest whole share of Class A common stock. The reverse stock split did not affect the stated par value of the Class A common stock nor did it change the total number of the Company’s authorized shares of Class A common stock. Both the Company’s Class B common stock and Series A preferred stock were not affected by the reverse stock split. Also on the effective date of each reverse stock split, all options, warrants, and other convertible securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to the reverse stock split were adjusted by dividing the number of shares of Class A common stock into which the options, warrants, and other convertible securities are exercisable or convertible by the factor applied in the reverse stock split, and multiplying the exercise or conversion price thereof by the same amount, all in accordance with the terms of the plans, agreements, or arrangements governing such options, warrants, and other convertible securities and subject to rounding to the nearest whole share. Such proportional adjustments were also made to the number of shares and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) issued and issuable under the Company’s equity compensation plans. The Company has retroactively adjusted all periods presented for the effects of the December 2025 1-for-17.85 reverse stock split. See Note 9 for additional information.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (9,480)	$ (6,172)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	328	324
Amortization of debt (premium) and issuance costs	480	(315)
Amortization of right-of-use assets	396	59
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	326	0
Loss on debt extinguishment	0	(58)
Stock-based compensation expense	322	1,057
Change in fair value of convertible notes for legal services	275	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(396)	879
Prepaids and other current assets	4,148	(1,363)
Other non-current assets	566	153
Accounts payable	(245)	716
Accrued liabilities	(28)	(119)
Accrued interest	24	127
Other current liabilities	31	0
Contract liabilities	(3,701)	758
Operating lease liability	(120)	(191)
Litigation settlement contingency	1,260	0
Other non-current liabilities	0	(30)
Net cash used in operating activities	(5,814)	(4,175)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, machinery and equipment	(197)	0
Proceeds from sale of property, machinery and equipment	12	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(185)	0
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of convertible notes	(783)	(288)
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	0	2,068
Payments for issuance costs related to exercise of warrants	0	(179)
Repurchase of Section 16 Officer shares for tax coverage exchange	0	(1)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, pre-funded warrants and related warrants	18,335	5,000
Payments for issuance costs related to common stock, pre-funded warrants and related warrants	(826)	(599)
Net cash provided by financing activities	16,726	6,001
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	10,727	1,826
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	12,861	1,572
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$ 23,588	$ 3,398

Stockholders' Equity - Contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares (Details) - Contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares - Common Class A - $ / shares	Aug. 12, 2021	Aug. 13, 2021
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares modified (in shares)	116
Weighted Average Closing Price of $12.50
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Weighted-average closing sale price (in dollars per share)	$ 156,188
Percentage of shares forfeited	66.00%
Weighted Average Closing Price of $15.00
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Weighted-average closing sale price (in dollars per share)	$ 187,425
Percentage of shares forfeited		33.00%
Weighted Average Closing Price of $17.50
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Weighted-average closing sale price (in dollars per share)	$ 218,663

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480434/815-10-50-8A

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480738/235-10-S50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 480
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479857/480-10-S50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-3

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(d))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2))
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))
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Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
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-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(i))
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
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+ Details

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred stock, number of shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred stock issued (in shares)	0	547,408
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares)	0	547,408
Common Class A
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common stock, number of shares authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares)	5,840,006	2,165,559
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	5,840,006	2,165,559
Common Class B
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common stock, number of shares authorized (in shares)	0	0
Common stock issued (in shares)	0	0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	0	0

Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of March 31, 2026:


(in thousands)	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Value		Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period (In Years)
Patents/Intellectual Property	$	463	$	(275)	$	188	4.1

Total	$	463	$	(275)	$	188

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of December 31, 2025:


(in thousands)	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Value		Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period (In Years)
Patents/Intellectual Property	$	463	$	(262)	$	201	4.3

Total	$	463	$	(262)	$	201

Schedule of Future Estimated Amortization Expense

As of March 31, 2026, the future estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2026	$	39
2027	52
2028	44
2029	31
2030	12
Thereafter	10
Total	$	188

Prepaids and Other Current Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Prepaids and Other Current Assets

Prepaids and other current assets consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026			December 31, 2025
Prepaid launch costs, current	$	1,033	—	$	5,087
Prepaid design and production services, current	2,072			1,538
Prepaid insurance and other current assets	2,068			2,696
Total	$	5,173		$	9,321

Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Purchase Obligations

Momentus enters into purchase obligations in the normal course of business. These obligations include purchase orders and agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable, legally binding, and have significant terms

and minimum purchases stipulated. As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s future unconditional purchase obligations are as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2026	$	1,540


Total	$	1,540

Legal Proceedings

Except as noted below, there have been no material changes to the legal proceedings disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2026. The Company continues to monitor the status of those proceedings, and developments will be disclosed in future filings as necessary.

Founder Litigation

On March 5, 2026, Lev Khasis filed a verified complaint against the Company in Delaware Court of Chancery (Case No. 2026-0179-DG) seeking indemnification and advancement expenses from the Company in connection with the NSA and investigation by the SEC. Legal counsel to Khasis indicated that total expenses for which Mr. Khasis seeks indemnification is approximately $1.2 million plus legal expenses in connection with this suit. On April 6, 2026, the Company and Mr. Khasis entered into a confidential settlement and release agreement settling the claim for $0.4 million and the suit was dismissed with prejudice.

Delaware Class Actions

ANV Global Services Inc. (“ANV”), the insurer who issued a Side-A directors and officers liability insurance policy that provides coverage for the SRAC directors and officers, has asserted a claim against the Company for indemnification of certain former SRAC directors and officers in connection with a lawsuit captioned In re Momentus, Inc. Stockholders Litigation, No. 2023-0322, pending in the Delaware Court of Chancery (the “Consolidated Delaware Action”). ANV has requested reimbursement of $1.2 million for defense costs paid and contribution to a global settlement and has indicated it is prepared to file suit if a settlement is not reached. In April 2026, the Company and ANV agreed in principle to settle this matter for $1.0 million. The parties are negotiating the terms of a release and settlement agreement. The Company has made a settlement offer of $0.1 million in shares of Class A common stock to each of the three former SRAC directors and officers subject to the Consolidated Delaware Action. Discussions with ANV and the affected individuals are ongoing, but there can be no assurances a resolution will be achieved.

Lease Restoration

The Company entered a lease for office space at 1762 Automation Parkway, San Jose, California 95131 in December 2025. Previously, the Company leased a facility at 3901 North First Street, San Jose, California 95134 (“3901”) that expired on March 31, 2026. The Company vacated 3901 on or before lease termination.

Under the sublease for 3901, the Company has an obligation to restore certain modifications prior to termination of the lease. The Company is unable to complete these restorations on that timeline and is negotiating with the sublandlord and the landlord regarding a financial settlement. The Company believes that it is probable that it will be required to pay a yet-to-be-determined amount of restoration costs. Total restoration costs should not exceed $0.7 million to $0.8 million based on construction proposals received by the Company and the sublandlord. However, the Company’s obligation to restore certain alterations is subject to the landlord’s having designated such alterations for removal at the time the landlord approved the Company’s alteration plans. The Company has requested documentation from the landlord to evidence the Company’s restoration obligations. The Company has not yet received such documentation. The Company has recorded an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) of $0.5 million related to these restoration costs, which it believes represents the low end of the range of possible loss.

The landlord has presented a construction proposal for $1.4 million and is claiming additional damages. The Company disputes the landlord’s construction proposal and any additional damages.

On April 21, 2026, the landlord filed a complaint against the sublandlord in the Superior Court of the State of California County of Santa Clara seeking damages for breach of lease. As of the date of this filing, the Company has not received notice that the sublandlord has filed a cross-complaint against the Company.

The Company is attempting to resolve these claims, but there can be no assurances a resolution will be achieved.

Other Litigation and Related Matters

These and other litigation matters may be time-consuming, divert management’s attention and resources, cause the Company to incur significant defense and settlement costs or liability, even if we believe the claims asserted against us are without merit. We intend to vigorously defend against all such claims. Because of the potential risks, expenses and uncertainties of litigation, as well as claims for indemnity from various of the parties concerned, we may from time to time settle disputes, even where we believe that we have meritorious claims or defenses. Because litigation is inherently unpredictable, further compounded by various claims for indemnity which may or may not be fully insured, we cannot assure that the results of these actions, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated operating results and financial condition.

From time to time, the Company may be a party to litigation and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business or in connection with the matters discussed above. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company currently believes that the final outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of judgment, defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether or not a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable under ASC 450-20. Legal fees are expensed as incurred.

Accrued Loss Contingencies

As of March 31, 2026, the Company has recorded accruals for certain probable loss contingencies and an ARO. These include $0.4 million accrued for the Khasis claim, $1.3 million for the ANV claim, $0.3 million for the 3901 sublease complaint, and a $0.5 million ARO recognized for the 3901 sublease. The $2.0 million of probable loss contingencies are recorded in litigation settlement contingency in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the $0.5 million ARO is recorded in other current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company believes these accruals are adequate based on information currently available.

Property, Machinery and Equipment (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property, Machinery and Equipment, Net

The estimated useful lives of fixed assets by asset category are described below:


Fixed Assets						Estimated Useful Life
Computer equipment						Three years
Furniture and fixtures						Five years
Leasehold improvements						Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease term (one year to seven years)
Machinery and equipment						Seven years

Property, machinery and equipment, net consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026		December 31, 2025
Computer equipment	$	219	$	21

Leasehold improvements	—		2,391
Machinery and equipment	1,202		2,839

Property, machinery and equipment, gross	1,421		5,251
Less: accumulated depreciation	(923)		(4,298)
Property, machinery and equipment, net	$	498	$	953

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	At The Market Offering	Common stock – Class A	Preferred Stock Preferred stock – Series A	Common stock Common stock – Class A	Common stock Common stock – Class A At The Market Offering	Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital At The Market Offering	Accumulated deficit
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024				0
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ (7,810)			$ 0	$ 0		$ 400,183		$ (407,993)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024					155,781
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon release of RSUs (in shares)					110
Share repurchase related to Section 16 Officer tax coverage exchange (in shares)					(24)
Share repurchase related to Section 16 Officer tax coverage exchange	(1)						(1)
Issuance of common stock under At-The-Market Offering, net of issuance costs and related warrants in registered offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)					16,807
Issuance of common stock under At-The-Market Offering, net of issuance costs and related warrants in registered offering, net of issuance costs	4,401						4,401
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of pre-funded warrants (in shares)					65,932
Issuance of common stock in connection with warrant inducement, net of issuance costs (in shares)					18,544
Issuance of common stock in connection with warrant inducement, net of issuance costs	1,889						1,889
Issuance of common stock for convertible note principal and interest (in shares)					10,645
Issuance of common stock for convertible note principal and interest	664						664
Stock-based compensation - stock options, RSAs, RSUs	1,057						1,057
Net loss	(6,172)								(6,172)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025				0
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2025	$ (5,972)			$ 0	$ 0		408,193		(414,165)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025					267,795
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2025	547,408			547,408
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2025	$ 17,140			$ 0	$ 0		455,718		(438,578)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2025			2,165,559		2,165,559
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon release of RSUs (in shares)					73
Share repurchase related to Section 16 Officer tax coverage exchange (in shares)					(4)
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock (in shares)				547,408	306,672
Issuance of common stock under At-The-Market Offering, net of issuance costs and related warrants in registered offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)						2,203,615
Issuance of common stock under At-The-Market Offering, net of issuance costs and related warrants in registered offering, net of issuance costs		$ 12,929						$ 12,929
Issuance of pre-funded warrants and warrants in private placement, net of issuance costs	4,580						4,580
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of pre-funded warrants (in shares)					945,136
Issuance of common stock in settlement of accounts payable (in shares)					5,723
Issuance of common stock in settlement of accounts payable	95						95
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrant liability (in shares)					4,202
Issuance of common stock for convertible note principal and interest (in shares)					159,030
Issuance of common stock for convertible note principal and interest	973						973
Issuance of common stock in relation to the convertible debt settlement (in shares)					50,000
Issuance of common stock in relation to the convertible debt settlement	606						606
Stock-based compensation - stock options, RSAs, RSUs	322						322
Net loss	$ (9,480)								(9,480)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2026	0			0
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2026	$ 27,165			$ 0	$ 0		$ 475,223		$ (448,058)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2026			5,840,006		5,840,006

Net Loss Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
Net Loss Per Share (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	2,359,385	289,409
Options and unvested stock units outstanding
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	129,067	252
Warrants outstanding
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	2,096,933	228,369
Convertible promissory notes
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	133,269	60,672
Contingent Sponsor Earnout Shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	116	116

Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands												3 Months Ended
	May 13, 2026	Apr. 14, 2026	Feb. 09, 2026	Feb. 06, 2026	Jan. 05, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 09, 2025	Sep. 19, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025	Mar. 21, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Mar. 31, 2026	Mar. 31, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Sep. 25, 2025	Mar. 20, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Oct. 24, 2024	Sep. 15, 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate cost			$ 50,000	$ 21,600		$ 17,400	$ 3,700			$ 2,100
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)																		20,009
Exercise price (in dollars per share)											$ 77.07
Agent fees and other offering costs												$ 826	$ 599
ATM Sales Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate cost								$ 7,400				13,300
Agent fees and other offering costs												$ 400
Pre-Funded Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)									120,834		54,560
Placement Agent Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)											3,569
Exercise price (in dollars per share)					$ 5.94
Period until shares become exercisable					180 days
Common Class A
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)									38,096	60,025	16,807
Offering price for prefunded warrants (in dollars per share)									$ 25.17		$ 70.06
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)														418,465	37,816				40,017
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)						$ 0.00001						$ 0.00001					$ 0.00001
Exercise price (in dollars per share)										$ 34.45						$ 67.83	$ 108.53
Common Class A \| ATM Sales Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate cost												$ 23,100
Number of shares sold (in shares)												2,203,615
Common Class A \| Pre-Funded Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)									$ 0.00001		$ 0.00001
Common Class A \| Placement Agent Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)					46,296
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate cost		$ 5,000
Subsequent Event \| ATM Sales Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate cost	$ 10,500
Agent fees and other offering costs	300
Remaining principal available	$ 12,700
Subsequent Event \| Pre-Funded Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)		883,334
Class of warrant or right, beneficially owned to exceed percentage (as percent)		9.99%
Subsequent Event \| Placement Agent Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)		$ 4.13
Period until shares become exercisable		180 days
Subsequent Event \| Common Class A
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)		450,000
Offering price for prefunded warrants (in dollars per share)		$ 3.75
Subsequent Event \| Common Class A \| ATM Sales Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)	2,170,000
Subsequent Event \| Common Class A \| Pre-Funded Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)		$ 0.00001
Subsequent Event \| Common Class A \| Placement Agent Warrants
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of shares sold (in shares)		66,666

Stock-based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Options Activity

The following table sets forth the summary of options activity, under the 2018 Plan and the 2021 Plan, for the three months ended March 31, 2026:


(in thousands, except share-based data)	Total Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2025	2,424	$	632.86

Granted	—	—

Forfeitures	—	—
Outstanding as of March 31, 2026	2,424	$	632.86	9.1	$	—
Exercisable as of March 31, 2026	1,976	$	772.10	9.0	$	—
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2026	2,424	$	632.86	9.1	$	—

Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit and Restricted Stock Award Activity


	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (i.e. Share Price)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2025	42,604	$	68.29
Granted	84,211	4.50
Released	(73)	10,160.64
Forfeited	(99)	21.96
Outstanding as of March 31, 2026	126,643	$	20.09

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation under the Initial Plan, the 2018 Plan, the 2021 Plan, and the 2022 Plan by expense type:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Research and development expenses		$	80	$	212
Selling, general and administrative expenses		242		845
Total		$	322	$	1,057

The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation under the Initial Plan, the 2018 Plan, the 2021 Plan, and the 2022 Plan by award type:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)		2026		2025
Options		$	2	$	42
RSUs & RSAs		320		1,015


Total		$	322	$	1,057

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Outstanding Stock Purchases Warrants (Details) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2026	Jan. 05, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Aug. 13, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Oct. 24, 2024
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)					$ 77.07
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)						20,009
Private Placement Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 143,693
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	903		903
Public Warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 143,693
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	691		691
September 2024 Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 158.06
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	2,002		2,002
October 2024 SIV Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 19.81
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	15,124		15,124
December 2024 SIV Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 19.81
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	10,828		10,828
December 2024 Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 121.74
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	2,241		2,241
December 2024 Wolverine Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 3.80
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	1,597		1,597
February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 77.07
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	3,569		3,569
Initial Tranche Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 3.80		$ 4.87
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	26,688		26,688
Second Tranche Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 3.80
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	26,688		26,688
September 2025 SIV Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 19.81
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	112,045		112,045
September 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 24.99
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	81,847		81,847
October 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.74
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	0		418,465
December 2025 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.74
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	0		408,576	408,576
December 2025 SIV Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 14.10
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	13,446		13,446
January 2026 Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 5.40
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	925,926		0
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 5.94
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	46,296		0
January 2026 Modified Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 5.40	$ 5.40
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares)	827,042		0

Loan Payable - SIV Convertible Promissory Notes (Details)							1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 05, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 08, 2025 USD ($) tranche $ / shares shares	May 20, 2025 USD ($) shares	May 16, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 03, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares	Oct. 24, 2024 USD ($) tranche $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($) shares	May 13, 2026 USD ($)	Dec. 01, 2025 USD ($)	Oct. 14, 2025 shares	Sep. 25, 2025 shares	Sep. 07, 2025 $ / shares	Jul. 01, 2025	Feb. 11, 2025	Dec. 17, 2024	Sep. 26, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 15, 2024 shares	Jul. 12, 2024 USD ($) payment $ / shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Gain on debt extinguishment								$ 0	$ 58,000
Repayments of debt								$ 783,000	$ 288,000
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares						20,009
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)															5 years	5 years	5 years
Change in fair value of warrant liability		$ 600,000
Common Class A
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares												418,465	37,816						40,017
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)								5 years
Convertible promissory notes \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Initial borrowing capacity		$ 2,700,000				$ 3,000,000.0												$ 2,300,000
Interest rate (as percent)						15.00%														15.00%
Number of periodic payments \| payment																				4
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 14.10	$ 19.81		$ 31.59	$ 37.84									$ 132.27						$ 132.27
Debt instrument, prepayment penalty fee (as percent)																				10.00%
Default interest derivative						$ 0					$ 0									$ 0
Debt instrument, number of tranches \| tranche		2				2
Debt instrument, initial principal amount						$ 2,000,000.0
Debt instrument, additional amount						$ 1,000,000.0
Period after original issues to start conversion						6 months
Debt instrument prepayment fee percentage (as percent)						10.00%
Debt instrument, capital expenditures						$ 100,000
Effective interest rates being amortized					(25.00%)
Calculated effective interest rate						348.00%
Gain on debt extinguishment		$ (2,400,000)		$ 10,000.00	$ 100,000		$ 100,000
Aggregate debt premium	$ 100,000				$ 200,000
Debt converted into common stock (in shares) \| shares			6,307	6,307					10,645
Principal of converted amount	$ 1,000,000.0		$ 200,000						$ 600,000
Repayments of debt			300,000
Postponed payments			100,000
Postponed payments, principal			60,000.00
Postponed payments, interest			$ 40,000.00
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares	13,446	112,045
Fair value of warrants		$ 1,700,000
Warrants and rights outstanding, term (in years)	5 years	5 years
Debt issuance costs	$ 100,000
Non-cash amortization of debt discount	40,000.00							$ 20,000.00	(300,000)
Debt instrument, indebtedness amount		$ 4,000,000.0
Percentage of warrants to purchase shares (as percent)		10.00%
Cash commitment to investor	$ 4,000,000.0
Debt instrument, increase, accrued interest									100,000
Interest recognized on convertible note								100,000	100,000
Interest expense								100,000	$ 200,000
Convertible promissory notes \| Convertible Debt \| Common Class A
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares														$ 3.57
Convertible conversion discount rate		10.00%
Convertible promissory notes \| Convertible Debt \| Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Default interest derivative										$ 0
Convertible promissory notes \| Convertible Debt \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche One
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares						$ 132.27
Effective interest rates being amortized	13.00%
Weekly installments payments		$ 1,000,000.0
Convertible promissory notes \| Convertible Debt \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Two
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Effective interest rates being amortized	27.00%					(18.00%)
Weekly installments payments		$ 1,700,000
October SIV Warrants and December SIV Warrants \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of warrants exercised on net basis (in shares) \| shares		25,951
SIV Modified Warrants \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Change in fair value of warrant liability		$ 200,000
September 2025 Amendment \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Effective interest rates being amortized		103.00%
Aggregate debt premium		$ 300,000
Debt issuance costs		30,000.00
Non-cash amortization of debt discount		100,000
October 2024 Convertible Note \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Initial borrowing capacity								$ 1,100,000
Debt converted into common stock (in shares) \| shares								159,030
Principal of converted amount								$ 800,000
Non-cash amortization of debt discount		$ 300,000
Debt instrument, increase, accrued interest								200,000
Debt instrument, carrying amount								1,100,000
Unamortized discount								10,000.00
Accrued interest								$ 200,000
October 2024 Convertible Note \| Convertible Debt \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche One
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Effective interest rates being amortized		(7.00%)
October 2024 Convertible Note \| Convertible Debt \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Two
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Effective interest rates being amortized		(34.00%)

Stockholders' Equity - Master Services Agreement (Details)					3 Months Ended
	Feb. 09, 2026 shares	Oct. 17, 2025 shares	Aug. 14, 2025 USD ($)	Apr. 12, 2025 USD ($) equipment shares	Mar. 31, 2026 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2025 shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares) \| shares					0	547,408
Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock for consulting services (in shares) \| shares					5,723
Fair value of equity issuance for services					$ 100,000
Conversion of stock (in shares) \| shares	306,672	70,588
Series A Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Conversion of stock (in shares) \| shares	547,408	126,000
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares) \| shares	0
Velo3D, Inc.
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
MSA term				5 years
Annual manufacturing capacity equivalent amount				$ 3,000,000
Number of printers or equipment used annually \| equipment				2
Credits of unused value of manufacturing capacity, first year end, percent				20.00%
Credits of unused value of manufacturing capacity, thereafter, percent				50.00%
Percent of amortization value of equipment to purchase				70.00%
Fair value of equity issuance for services			$ 10,700,000	$ 10,700,000
Volatility rate (as percent)				45.00%
Holding period restriction (in years)				6 months
Default interest derivative				$ 0
Unrecognized compensation cost, period of recognition			5 years
Amount received on annual prepayment					100,000
Prepaid service amount					1,700,000
Other income					$ 200,000
Velo3D, Inc. \| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Grant date fair value			$ 2,100,000
Velo3D, Inc. \| Other Noncurrent Assets
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Grant date fair value			$ 8,600,000
Velo3D, Inc. \| Common Class A
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock for consulting services (in shares) \| shares				26,749
Velo3D, Inc. \| Series A Preferred Stock
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock for consulting services (in shares) \| shares				673,408

Supplemental Disclosures for Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Supplemental Disclosures for Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Note 15. Supplemental Disclosures for Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Supplemental disclosures for the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows consist of the following:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2026		2025




Issuance of common stock in settlement of accounts payable	$	95	$	—
Issuance costs related to warrant modifications	348		—
Issuance costs related to placement agent warrants	1,092		—
Issuance of common stock upon partial conversion of SIV Convertible Notes	973		664
Issuance of common stock upon settlement of May 2025 Convertible Note	606		—






Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest	$	65	$	32
Operating lease payments included in operating cash flows	419		407

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Fair Value Inputs (Details)	Jan. 05, 2026	Dec. 09, 2025	Oct. 14, 2025	Aug. 13, 2025	Jul. 01, 2025
January 2026 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	5.08
January 2026 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	9.83
January 2026 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.8500
January 2026 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0373
January 2026 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	5.00
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	9.83
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.8500
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0372
January 2026 Placement Agent Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0
October 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			5.31
October 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years) \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	5.09
October 2025 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			30.52
October 2025 Warrants \| Stock price \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	8.82
October 2025 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.8500
October 2025 Warrants \| Volatility \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.8500
October 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0363
October 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0372
October 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0000
October 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0000
December 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		5.15
December 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years) \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	5.09
December 2025 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		16.96
December 2025 Warrants \| Stock price \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	8.82
December 2025 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.8250
December 2025 Warrants \| Volatility \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.8500
December 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0373
December 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0372
December 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0000
December 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield \| Pre-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0000
January 2026 Modified Warrants \| Expected term (years) \| Post-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	5.09
January 2026 Modified Warrants \| Stock price \| Post-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	8.82
January 2026 Modified Warrants \| Volatility \| Post-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.8500
January 2026 Modified Warrants \| Risk-free rate \| Post-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0372
January 2026 Modified Warrants \| Dividend yield \| Post-Modification Warrant
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input	0.0000
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		5.16
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Expected term (years) \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					4.47
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Expected term (years) \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					4.82
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		13.57			21.78
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.8250			0.9000
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0379
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Risk-free rate \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					0.0376
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Risk-free rate \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					0.0378
Pre-Modification Warrant \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0000			0.0000
Post-Modification Warrant \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		5.16
Post-Modification Warrant \| Expected term (years) \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					4.47
Post-Modification Warrant \| Expected term (years) \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					4.82
Post-Modification Warrant \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		13.57			21.78
Post-Modification Warrant \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.8250			0.9000
Post-Modification Warrant \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0379			0.0376
Post-Modification Warrant \| Risk-free rate \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input					0.0378
Post-Modification Warrant \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0000			0.0000
December 2025 Warrant Inducement \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		4.77
December 2025 Warrant Inducement \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		13.57
December 2025 Warrant Inducement \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.8250
December 2025 Warrant Inducement \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0376
December 2025 Warrant Inducement \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input		0.0000
March 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			4.44
March 2025 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			30.52
March 2025 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.8500
March 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0356
March 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0000
July 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			4.71
July 2025 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			30.52
July 2025 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.8500
July 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0358
July 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input			0.0000
February 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				4.49
February 2025 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				34.09
February 2025 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.8750
February 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0374
February 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0000
Investor Modified Warrants \| Expected term (years) \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				4.35
Investor Modified Warrants \| Expected term (years) \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				4.70
Investor Modified Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				34.09
Investor Modified Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.8750
Investor Modified Warrants \| Risk-free rate \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0373
Investor Modified Warrants \| Risk-free rate \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0375
Investor Modified Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0000
August 2025 Warrants \| Expected term (years)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				5.09
August 2025 Warrants \| Stock price
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				34.09
August 2025 Warrants \| Volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.8750
August 2025 Warrants \| Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0378
August 2025 Warrants \| Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants, measurement input				0.0000